Global Affairs, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
Reprod Health. 2018 Jun 22;15(Suppl 1):86. doi: 10.1186/s12978-018-0538-z.
Louis Pasteur once commented on the happiness that a scientist finds when, besides making a discovery, study results find practical application. Where health status is poor and resources are limited, finding such applications is a necessity, not merely a joy.Dissemination, or the distribution of new knowledge gained through research, is essential to the ethical conduct of research. Further, when research is designed to improve health, dissemination is critical to the development of evidence-based medicine and the adoption of evidence-supported interventions and improved practice patterns within specific settings. When dissemination is lacking, research may be considered a waste of resources and a useless pursuit unable to influence positive health outcomes.Effective translation of the findings of health research into policy and the practice of medicine has been slow in many countries considered low or lower middle-income (as defined by the World Bank). This is because such countries often have health care systems that are under-resourced (e.g., lacking personnel or facilities) and thus insufficiently responsive to health needs of their populations. However, implementation research has produced many tools and strategies that can prompt more effective and timelier application of research findings to real world situations.A conscientious researcher can find many suggestions for improving the integration of research evidence into practice. First and foremost, the truthful reporting of results is emphasized as essential because both studies with desirable findings as well those with less than ideal results can provide new and valuable knowledge. Consideration in advance of the audience likely to be interested in study findings can result in suitable packaging and targeted communication of results. Other strategies for avoiding the barriers that can negatively impact implementation of research evidence include the early involvement of stakeholders as research is being designed and discussion before initiation of proposed research with those who will be affected by it. It is also important to recognize the role of education and training for ensuring the skills and knowledge needed for not only the conduct of high quality research but also for the meaningful promotion of results and application of research findings to achieve intended purposes.
路易斯·巴斯德曾经评论过科学家的幸福感，当他们在做出发现的同时，研究结果还能找到实际应用。在健康状况不佳且资源有限的情况下，找到这样的应用是必要的，而不仅仅是一种乐趣。传播，或者通过研究获得的新知识的分配，是研究道德行为的必要条件。此外，当研究旨在改善健康时，传播对于循证医学的发展以及在特定环境中采用证据支持的干预措施和改进实践模式至关重要。如果传播不足，那么研究可能被认为是资源的浪费，是一种无法影响积极健康结果的无用追求。
在许多被世界银行定义为低收入或中下等收入的国家，将健康研究的发现转化为政策和医学实践一直进展缓慢。这是因为这些国家的医疗保健系统往往资源不足（例如，缺乏人员或设施），因此无法充分满足其人口的健康需求。然而，实施研究已经产生了许多工具和策略，可以促使更有效地将研究结果应用于现实情况。
一个认真负责的研究人员可以找到许多建议，以提高将研究证据纳入实践的整合度。首先，强调真实报告结果至关重要，因为无论是具有理想结果的研究还是结果不太理想的研究，都可以提供新的和有价值的知识。在设计研究时考虑可能对研究结果感兴趣的受众，可以对结果进行适当的包装和有针对性的沟通。避免可能对研究证据实施产生负面影响的障碍的其他策略包括在设计研究时尽早让利益相关者参与，并在对那些将受到影响的人提出拟议研究之前进行讨论。还必须认识到教育和培训的作用，以确保不仅进行高质量研究所需的技能和知识，而且还确保结果的有意义的推广以及研究结果的应用，以实现预期目的。
