Departamento de Fitopatologia, Universidade Federal de Viçosa, 36570-000 Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Laboratório de Fitopatologia, Embrapa Trigo, 99050-970 Passo Fundo, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
Plant Dis. 2021 Sep;105(9):2680-2687. doi: 10.1094/PDIS-09-20-2096-RE. Epub 2021 Oct 24.
Fusarium head blight (FHB), caused mainly by , is best controlled with demethylation inhibitor (DMI) fungicides during flowering. However, the use of premixes of DMI and quinone outside inhibitor (QoI) fungicides to control FHB has increased in Brazil. Data on FHB severity and wheat yields measured in field experiments conducted in Brazil were gathered from both peer- and nonpeer-reviewed sources published from 2000 to 2018. After selection criteria were applied, 73 field trials from 35 bibliographic sources were identified, among which 50% of the data were obtained from cooperative network trials conducted after 2011. To be included in the analysis, DMI plus QoI premixes or tebuconazole were tested in at least 14 trials and 3 years. Four premixes met the criteria. Estimates of percent control (and respective 95% confidence intervals) by a network model fitted to the log of the treatment means ranged from 44.1% (pyraclostrobin plus metconazole applied once; 32.4 to 53.7) to 64.3% (pyraclostrobin plus metconazole; 58.4 to 69.3); the latter did not differ from tebuconazole (59.9%; 53.6 to 65.3). Yield response was statistically similar for pyraclostrobin plus metconazole (532.1 kg/ha; 441 to 623) and trifloxystrobin plus prothioconazole (494.9 kg/ha; 385 to 551), and both differed statistically from a group composed of tebuconazole (448.2 kg/ha; 342 to 554), trifloxystrobin plus tebuconazole (468.2 kg/ha; 385 to 551), azoxystrobin plus tebuconazole (462.4 kg/ha; 366 to 558), and pyraclostrobin plus metconazole applied once (413.7 kg/ha; 308 to 518). The two categories of FHB index (7% cutoff) and yield (3,000 kg/ha cutoff), both in the nontreated check, did not explain the heterogeneity in the estimates. Considering only the fungicide effects on yield, two sequential sprays of tebuconazole or one spray of pyraclostrobin plus metconazole as management choices are likely more profitable than DMI plus QoI premixes sprayed twice during flowering.
镰刀菌穗腐病（FHB）主要由 引起，在开花期使用脱甲基抑制剂（DMI）杀菌剂可有效防治。然而，巴西已增加使用 DMI 和醌外抑制剂（QoI）杀菌剂的预混剂来防治 FHB。本研究从 2000 年至 2018 年，从同行评议和非同行评议来源收集了在巴西进行的田间试验中 FHB 严重程度和小麦产量的数据。应用选择标准后，从 35 个文献来源中确定了 73 个田间试验，其中 50%的数据来自 2011 年后进行的合作网络试验。为了进行分析，至少在 14 个试验和 3 年内测试了 DMI+QoI 预混剂或戊唑醇。有 4 种预混剂符合标准。通过拟合处理均值对数的网络模型估计的控制百分比（置信区间分别为 95%）范围为 44.1%（吡唑醚菌酯+代森锰锌一次施用；32.4 至 53.7）至 64.3%（吡唑醚菌酯+代森锰锌；58.4 至 69.3）；后者与戊唑醇（59.9%；53.6 至 65.3）无差异。吡唑醚菌酯+代森锰锌（532.1kg/ha；441 至 623）和三氟醚唑+丙硫菌唑（494.9kg/ha；385 至 551）的产量响应在统计学上相似，两者均与由戊唑醇（448.2kg/ha；342 至 554）、三氟醚唑+戊唑醇（468.2kg/ha；385 至 551）、唑醚菌酯+戊唑醇（462.4kg/ha；366 至 558）和吡唑醚菌酯+代森锰锌一次施用（413.7kg/ha；308 至 518）组成的组在统计学上存在差异。在未处理对照中，两种 FHB 指数（7%截止值）和产量（3000kg/ha 截止值）类别均不能解释估计值的异质性。仅考虑杀菌剂对产量的影响，与开花期两次喷洒 DMI+QoI 预混剂相比，两次连续喷洒戊唑醇或一次喷洒吡唑醚菌酯+代森锰锌作为管理选择可能更有利可图。
