Xu Yan, Li Xiangxin, Zeng Xiangquan, Cao Jiankang, Jiang Weibo
College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural, University, Beijing, PR, China.
Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr. 2022;62(10):2800-2819. doi: 10.1080/10408398.2020.1858752. Epub 2020 Dec 12.
Blockchain technology is a distributed ledger technology and is expected to face some difficulties and challenges in various industries due to its transparency, decentralization, tamper-proof nature, and encryption security. Food safety has been paid increasing attention in recent years with economic development. Based on a systematic literature critical analysis, the causes of food safety problems and the state-of-the-art blockchain technology overview, including the definition of blockchain, development history, classification, structure, characteristics, and main applications, the feasibility and application prospects of blockchain technology in plant food safety, animal food safety, and processed food safety were proposed in this review. Finally, the challenges of the blockchain technology itself and the difficulties in the application of food safety were analyzed. This study contributes to the extant literature in the field of food safety by discovering the excellent potential of blockchain technology and its implications for food safety control. Our results indicated that blockchain is a promising technology toward a food safety control, with many ongoing initiatives in food products, but many food-related issues, barriers, and challenges still exist. Nevertheless, it is expected to provide a feasible solution for controlling food safety risks.
区块链技术是一种分布式账本技术，由于其具有透明度、去中心化、防篡改特性和加密安全性，预计在各个行业中会面临一些困难和挑战。近年来，随着经济发展，食品安全问题日益受到关注。基于系统的文献批判性分析，本文回顾了食品安全问题的成因以及区块链技术的最新概况，包括区块链的定义、发展历史、分类、结构、特点和主要应用，并提出了区块链技术在植物性食品安全、动物性食品安全和加工食品安全方面的可行性及应用前景。最后，分析了区块链技术本身面临的挑战以及在食品安全应用中存在的困难。本研究通过发现区块链技术的巨大潜力及其对食品安全控制的意义，为食品安全领域的现有文献做出了贡献。我们的结果表明，区块链是一种有望用于食品安全控制的技术，目前在食品产品方面有许多正在进行的举措，但仍然存在许多与食品相关的问题、障碍和挑战。尽管如此，它有望为控制食品安全风险提供一个可行的解决方案。
