García-Sierra Rosa, Fernández-Cano María Isabel, Manresa-Domínguez Josep María, Feijoo-Cid María, Moreno Gabriel Eduard, Arreciado Marañón Antonia, Ramos-Roure Francesc, Segura-Bernal Jordi, Torán-Monserrat Pere
Research Support Unit Metropolitana Nord, Primary Care Research Institut Jordi Gol (IDIAPJGol), 08303 Barcelona, Spain.
Nursing Department, Faculty of Medicine, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 08193 Barcelona, Spain.
Healthcare (Basel). 2020 Dec 13;8(4):557. doi: 10.3390/healthcare8040557.
The process of international migration causes a situation of vulnerability in people's health and greater difficulty in coping with disease. Furthermore, the adversities suffered during migration can trigger reactive signs of stress and cause anxious, depressive, confusional and somatic symptoms. This article studies the relationships between psychosocial risk, psychological distress and somatization in immigrants from four communities: Maghrebis, Sub-Saharans, South Americans and South Asian. A cross-sectional study was carried out with questionnaires on 602 immigrants who were surveyed in the primary care centers of an urban area of Catalonia. The instruments used were the Demographic Psychosocial Inventory (DPSI), the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) and the Somatic Symptom Inventory (SSI). The average psychosocial risk obtained was 0.35, with the highest values in the Sub-Saharan community. Psychological distress showed a mean value of 0.66, with the Sub-Saharan community scoring the lowest in all dimensions except depression. The average somatization values were 1.65, with the Sub-Saharan community scoring the least. The female gender is a risk factor for somatization and psychological distress. Perceived psychosocial risk is a predictor of psychological distress, but not somatization, suggesting that the use of more adaptive coping strategies could minimize the effect of the migration process on somatizations.
国际移民过程会导致人们健康状况脆弱，应对疾病的难度加大。此外，移民过程中遭受的逆境会引发应激反应迹象，并导致焦虑、抑郁、意识模糊和躯体症状。本文研究了来自四个群体的移民的心理社会风险、心理困扰和躯体化之间的关系，这四个群体分别是马格里布人、撒哈拉以南非洲人、南美洲人和南亚人。我们在加泰罗尼亚一个市区的初级保健中心，对602名移民进行问卷调查，开展了一项横断面研究。使用的工具包括人口统计学心理社会量表（DPSI）、简明症状量表（BSI）和躯体症状量表（SSI）。获得的平均心理社会风险为0.35，其中撒哈拉以南非洲人群体的值最高。心理困扰的平均值为0.66，除抑郁外，撒哈拉以南非洲人群体在所有维度上得分最低。平均躯体化值为1.65，撒哈拉以南非洲人群体得分最少。女性是躯体化和心理困扰的一个风险因素。感知到的心理社会风险是心理困扰的一个预测因素，但不是躯体化的预测因素，这表明使用更具适应性的应对策略可以将移民过程对躯体化的影响降至最低。
