Ritsner M, Ponizovsky A, Kurs R, Modai I
Institute for Psychiatric Studies, Shaàr Menashe Mental Health Center, Hadera, Israel.
Am J Psychiatry. 2000 Mar;157(3):385-92. doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.157.3.385.
Knowledge about the frequency, severity, and risk factors of somatization (somatic manifestations of psychological distress) among immigrants is limited. The authors examined somatic distress in an immigrant population in Israel, explored its relationship with psychological distress symptoms and health-care-seeking behavior, and determined its correlation with the length of residence in Israel.
Two reliable and validated self-report questionnaires, the Brief Symptom Inventory and the Demographic Psychosocial Inventory, were administered in a cross-sectional community survey of 966 Jewish immigrants from the former Soviet Union who had arrived in Israel within the previous 30 months.
The 6-month prevalence rate for somatization was 21.9% and for psychological distress, 55.3%. The current rate of co-occurrence of somatization and psychological distress was 20.4%. The most common physical complaints were heart or chest pain, feelings of weakness in different parts of the body, and nausea. Somatization was positively correlated with the intensity of psychological distress and with help-seeking behavior during the 6 months preceding the survey. Women reported significantly more somatic and other distress symptoms than men. Older and divorced or widowed individuals were more likely to meet the criteria for somatization. Within the first 30 months after resettlement, longer length of residence was associated with higher levels of somatization symptoms.
Somatization is a prevalent problem among individuals in cross-cultural transition and is associated with psychological distress; demographic characteristics such as gender, age, marital status, and duration of immigration; self-reported health problems; and immigrants' help-seeking behavior.
关于移民中躯体化（心理困扰的躯体表现）的频率、严重程度及风险因素的知识有限。作者调查了以色列移民群体中的躯体困扰，探讨其与心理困扰症状及寻求医疗行为的关系，并确定其与在以色列居住时长的相关性。
在一项横断面社区调查中，对966名来自前苏联、在过去30个月内抵达以色列的犹太移民，使用了两份可靠且经过验证的自陈问卷，即简明症状量表和人口学心理社会量表。
躯体化的6个月患病率为21.9%，心理困扰的患病率为55.3%。当前躯体化与心理困扰同时出现的比例为20.4%。最常见的身体不适是胸痛、身体不同部位的乏力感和恶心。躯体化与心理困扰的强度以及调查前6个月内的求助行为呈正相关。女性报告的躯体及其他困扰症状明显多于男性。年龄较大以及离婚或丧偶的个体更有可能符合躯体化的标准。在重新安置后的前30个月内，居住时间越长，躯体化症状水平越高。
躯体化是跨文化过渡人群中普遍存在的问题，与心理困扰、性别、年龄、婚姻状况和移民时长等人口学特征、自我报告的健康问题以及移民的求助行为有关。
