University of Minnesota Twin Cities, Institute of Child Development, Minneapolis, MN, 55455, USA.
Int J Psychol. 2021 Feb;56(1):1-11. doi: 10.1002/ijop.12737. Epub 2020 Dec 16.
Interest in resilience is surging in research, policy and practice as threats from disasters rise and humanity confronts a global pandemic. This commentary highlights the importance of defining resilience for portability across system levels and disciplines in order to integrate knowledge and prepare adequately for the challenges posed to children and youth by multisystem disasters. A scalable definition of resilience is recommended: The capacity of a dynamic system to adapt successfully to challenges that threaten the function, survival or development of the system. Major determinants of adaptation among young people in the context of disaster are highlighted, including variations in adversity exposure dose, developmental timing, individual differences and the socio-ecological systems of children's lives that can be mobilised in response. Adaptation of children in disasters depends on the resilience of interconnected systems, including families, schools, communities and policy sectors. Implications of a multisystem perspective for disaster risk reduction and preparedness are discussed with a focus on nurturing the resilience of children and their societies for challenges in the near term and long into the future.
随着灾害威胁的增加和人类面临全球大流行，人们对韧性的兴趣在研究、政策和实践中迅速增长。本评论强调了为了在系统层面和学科之间实现可移植性而定义韧性的重要性，以便整合知识并为多系统灾害对儿童和青年带来的挑战做好充分准备。建议使用可扩展的韧性定义：动态系统适应威胁系统功能、生存或发展的挑战的能力。强调了年轻人在灾害背景下适应的主要决定因素，包括逆境暴露剂量、发展时机、个体差异以及可以调动的儿童生活的社会生态系统的变化。儿童在灾害中的适应取决于相互关联的系统的韧性，包括家庭、学校、社区和政策部门。讨论了多系统视角对减少灾害风险和备灾的影响，重点是培养儿童及其社会的韧性，以应对近期和未来长期的挑战。
