Estudiante de Internado de Medicina, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia.
Grupo de Investigación en Salud Mental, Universidad CES, Medellín, Colombia.
Rev Colomb Psiquiatr (Engl Ed). 2020 Oct-Dec;49(4):262-270. doi: 10.1016/j.rcp.2019.02.003. Epub 2019 Apr 18.
Traumatic events and violence are widespread public health problems. They do not have limits related to age, sex or socioeconomic level. The prevalence of mental disorders and sociodemographic characteristics were compared in the context of traumatic events and types of violence in the general population.
Observational prevalence study with a secondary information source, in the general population aged 13 to 65 years, selected at random. The interview was conducted using the Compositum International Diagnosis Interview which generates psychiatric diagnoses according to the DSM-IV. The variables included were traumatic events grouped into five categories: related to armed conflict, sexual violence, interfamily violence, other types of violence, traumas and some mental disorders. The prevalence of mental disorders was compared in the five categories of traumatic events. Statistical significance was defined as a p value of <0.05.
Sexual and interfamily violence were more prevalent in women (p <0.05). In those under age 13, major depression related to armed conflict had a prevalence of 48.3%, with a significant difference from the other trauma groups (p=0.015). All prevalences for childhood-onset disorders showed significantly different prevalences compared with the group for violence related to armed conflict (p <0.05) and suicidal ideation was higher in the sexual violence group (p=0.006).
High prevalences of mental disorders were found in people who had been exposed to traumatic events and violence. In those who experienced traumatic events related to armed conflict and sexual violence, higher prevalences of certain mental disorders were detected.
创伤事件和暴力是广泛存在的公共卫生问题。它们不受年龄、性别或社会经济水平的限制。本研究比较了一般人群中创伤事件和暴力类型背景下精神障碍的患病率和社会人口学特征。
这是一项观察性患病率研究，使用了二次信息源，研究对象为 13 至 65 岁的一般人群，采用随机抽样。使用 Compositum 国际诊断访谈进行访谈，该访谈根据 DSM-IV 生成精神科诊断。纳入的变量包括分为五类的创伤事件：与武装冲突、性暴力、家庭内暴力、其他类型的暴力、创伤和一些精神障碍有关的事件。比较了五类创伤事件中心理障碍的患病率。统计学意义定义为 p 值<0.05。
性暴力和家庭内暴力在女性中更为普遍（p<0.05）。在 13 岁以下人群中，与武装冲突相关的重度抑郁症的患病率为 48.3%，与其他创伤组有显著差异（p=0.015）。所有儿童起病障碍的患病率与与武装冲突相关的暴力组相比均有显著差异（p<0.05），且性暴力组的自杀意念更高（p=0.006）。
暴露于创伤事件和暴力的人群中发现了较高的精神障碍患病率。在经历与武装冲突和性暴力有关的创伤事件的人群中，某些精神障碍的患病率更高。
