Ren Haoran, Jiang Xinyu, Xu Ke, Chen Chen, Yuan Yafei, Dai Chenyun, Chen Wei
The Center for Intelligent Medical Electronics, School of Information Science and Technology, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Human Phenome Institute, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Front Neurol. 2020 Nov 19;11:524009. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.524009. eCollection 2020.
Investigating cerebral hemodynamic changes during regular sleep cycles and sleep disorders is fundamental to understanding the nature of physiological and pathological mechanisms in the regulation of cerebral oxygenation during sleep. Although sleep neuroimaging methods have been studied and have been well-reviewed, they have limitations in terms of technique and experimental design. Neurologists are convinced that Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) provides essential information and can be used to assist the assessment of cerebral hemodynamics, and numerous studies regarding sleep have been carried out based on NIRS. Thus, a brief historical overview of the sleep studies using NIRS will be helpful for the biomedical students, academicians, and engineers to better understand NIRS from various perspectives. In this study, the existing literature on sleep studies is reviewed, and an overview of the NIRS applications is synthesized and provided. The paper first reviews the application scenarios, as well as the patterns of fluctuation of NIRS, which includes the investigation in regular sleep and sleep-disordered breathing. Various factors such as different sleep stages, populations, and degrees of severity were considered. Furthermore, the experimental design and signal processing, as well as the regulation mechanisms involved in regular and pathological sleep, are investigated and discussed. The strengths and weaknesses of the existing NIRS applications are addressed and presented, which can direct further NIRS analysis and utilization.
研究正常睡眠周期和睡眠障碍期间的脑血流动力学变化，对于理解睡眠期间脑氧合调节的生理和病理机制的本质至关重要。尽管睡眠神经成像方法已得到研究并得到了充分的综述，但它们在技术和实验设计方面存在局限性。神经学家确信，近红外光谱（NIRS）能提供重要信息，可用于辅助评估脑血流动力学，并且基于NIRS已经开展了许多关于睡眠的研究。因此，对使用NIRS进行睡眠研究的简要历史概述，将有助于生物医学专业的学生、学者和工程师从不同角度更好地理解NIRS。在本研究中，对现有的睡眠研究文献进行了综述，并综合提供了NIRS应用的概述。本文首先回顾了应用场景以及NIRS的波动模式，其中包括对正常睡眠和睡眠呼吸障碍的研究。考虑了不同睡眠阶段、人群和严重程度等各种因素。此外，还对实验设计和信号处理，以及正常和病理性睡眠中涉及的调节机制进行了研究和讨论。阐述并呈现了现有NIRS应用的优缺点，这可为进一步的NIRS分析和利用提供指导。
