Department of Psychology, University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA.
Center to Improve Vetern Involvement in Care, VA Portland Health Care System, Portland, OR, USA.
Int J Soc Psychiatry. 2022 Mar;68(2):253-263. doi: 10.1177/0020764020981604. Epub 2020 Dec 18.
Depression is an illness with biological, psychological, and social underpinnings, which may include the interplay of inflammation, psychological traits, stress, social relationships, and cultural background.
This work examines the prospective associations between social relationship quality and depressive symptoms, and between social relationship quality and inflammatory outcomes in two distinct cultures.
Data were obtained from two longitudinal, prospective cohort studies: Midlife in the United States (MIDUS), and Midlife Development in Japan (MIDJA) between 2004 and 2010. One thousand three hundred and twenty-seven community-based adults were included in analyses, 1,054 from the United States and 273 from Tokyo, Japan. Depressive symptoms (measured by the CES-D Depression Scale) and inflammation (measured by blood sample concentrations of the inflammatory biomarkers interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein) were the outcomes. Social relationship quality was the predictor. Culture, trait independence and interdependence, and psychosocial stressors were examined as moderators of the link between social relationship quality and depressive symptoms.
Higher social relationship quality was associated with lower depressive symptoms in the United States (β = -6.15, < .001), but not in Japan (β = -1.25, = .390). Social relationship quality had no association with inflammation. Psychosocial stressors moderated the link between social relationship quality and depressive symptoms in both the United States (β = -0.39, = .001) and Tokyo (β = -0.55, = .001), such that social relationship quality acted as a buffer against depressive symptoms as psychosocial stress increased.
Improving the perceived quality of social relationships appears to be a stronger target for depression interventions in the United States than in Tokyo, Japan.
抑郁症是一种具有生物学、心理学和社会学基础的疾病，可能包括炎症、心理特征、压力、社会关系和文化背景的相互作用。
本研究旨在考察两种不同文化中社会关系质量与抑郁症状之间以及社会关系质量与炎症结果之间的前瞻性关联。
数据来自两项纵向前瞻性队列研究：美国中年（MIDUS）和日本中年发展（MIDJA），时间跨度为 2004 年至 2010 年。共有 1327 名社区成年人参与了分析，其中 1054 名来自美国，273 名来自日本东京。抑郁症状（采用 CES-D 抑郁量表测量）和炎症（采用血液样本中炎症生物标志物白细胞介素-6 和 C 反应蛋白的浓度测量）是结果。社会关系质量是预测指标。文化、特质独立性和相互依存性以及心理社会压力源被视为社会关系质量与抑郁症状之间联系的调节因素。
在美国，较高的社会关系质量与较低的抑郁症状相关（β=-6.15， <.001），但在日本并非如此（β=-1.25， =.390）。社会关系质量与炎症无关。心理社会压力源在美国（β=-0.39， =.001）和东京（β=-0.55， =.001）均调节了社会关系质量与抑郁症状之间的联系，即随着心理社会压力的增加，社会关系质量充当了抑郁症状的缓冲器。
与日本东京相比，改善社会关系的感知质量似乎是美国抑郁症干预的更有效目标。
