Furlong Melissa A, Paul Kimberly C, Cockburn Myles, Bronstein Jeff, Keener Adrienne, Rosario Irish Del, Folle Aline Duarte, Ritz Beate
Department of Community, Environment, and Policy, University of Arizona Mel and Enid Zuckerman College of Public Health, Tucson, Arizona.
Department of Epidemiology, UCLA Fielding School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California.
Environ Epidemiol. 2020 Dec 2;4(6):e123. doi: 10.1097/EE9.0000000000000123. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Pyrethroid pesticide exposures may be associated with the onset of depression in later life via disruption of dopaminergic, serotonergic, and neurological functioning. We sought to investigate the association between living near agricultural pyrethroid pesticide applications and depression measures in central California, using two waves (PEG 1&2, total N = 1,654) of a case control study of Parkinson's disease (PD). At enrollment, participants self-reported history of use of depression medications and dates of MD-diagnosed depression and anxiety. Participants also completed a Geriatric Depression Scale-Short Form upon enrollment. We used the California Pesticide Use Registry to assign estimated ambient pyrethroid pesticide exposures at participant's home addresses over the 5 years before the index date (date of outcome, or an age-matched year for participants without the outcome). We used logistic and linear regression to evaluate associations between living near any pyrethroid applications over the 5-year index period and measures of depression and anxiety. We also evaluated modification by study wave and PD status. We observed associations of pyrethroids with depression, depression medications, and anxiety (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] depression = 1.54, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.14, 2.07; aOR depression medications = 1.68, 95% CI 1.25, 2.25; aOR anxiety = 1.60, 95% CI 1.17, 2.18). However, we observed no associations with mild/moderate depressive symptoms according to the GDS score at enrollment (aOR = 1.04, 95% CI 0.77, 1.42). We did not observe a consistent modification of the pyrethroid-depression associations by study wave and PD status. Ambient pyrethroid pesticide exposures may be associated with measures of depression in later life.
拟除虫菊酯类农药暴露可能通过破坏多巴胺能、血清素能和神经功能，与晚年抑郁症的发病有关。我们试图利用帕金森病（PD）病例对照研究的两波数据（PEG 1和2，总样本量N = 1654），调查加利福尼亚中部地区居住在农业拟除虫菊酯类农药施用区域附近与抑郁症指标之间的关联。在入组时，参与者自行报告使用抗抑郁药物的病史以及医学诊断的抑郁症和焦虑症日期。参与者在入组时还完成了一份简易老年抑郁量表。我们使用加利福尼亚农药使用登记处的数据，来确定在索引日期（结局日期，或无该结局的参与者的年龄匹配年份）前5年里参与者家庭住址周围的拟除虫菊酯类农药估计环境暴露量。我们使用逻辑回归和线性回归来评估在5年索引期内居住在任何拟除虫菊酯类农药施用区域附近与抑郁症和焦虑症指标之间的关联。我们还评估了研究波次和PD状态的修正作用。我们观察到拟除虫菊酯类农药与抑郁症、抗抑郁药物使用和焦虑症之间存在关联（调整后的优势比[aOR]抑郁症 = 1.54，95%置信区间[CI] 1.14，2.07；aOR抗抑郁药物使用 = 1.68，95% CI 1.25，2.25；aOR焦虑症 = 1.60，95% CI 1.17，2.18）。然而，根据入组时的简易老年抑郁量表评分，我们未观察到与轻度/中度抑郁症状之间的关联（aOR = 1.04，95% CI 0.77，1.42）。我们未观察到研究波次和PD状态对拟除虫菊酯类农药与抑郁症关联的一致修正作用。环境中拟除虫菊酯类农药暴露可能与晚年抑郁症指标有关。
