Halle Martin, Niebauer Josef
Lehrstuhl und Poliklinik für Präventive und Rehabilitative Sportmedizin, Accredited European Centre for Sports Cardiology EAPC/ESC, Medizinische Fakultät, Klinikum rechts der Isar, Technische Universität München, Georg-Brauchle-Ring 56, 80992, München, Deutschland.
Munich Heart Alliance, Deutsches Zentrum für Herz-Kreislauf-Forschung (DZHK), München, Deutschland.
Herz. 2021 Feb;46(1):38-45. doi: 10.1007/s00059-020-05008-9. Epub 2020 Dec 17.
The guidelines for sports cardiology have recently been published for the first time by the European Society of Cardiology (ESC). They address recommendations for leisure time exercise and competitive sports in athletes with cardiovascular diseases. The spectrum ranges from women during pregnancy, athletes with increased cardiovascular risk and risk factors or with a genetic predisposition, such as ion channelopathies, cardiomyopathies, congenital heart diseases as well as patients with valvular heart diseases, coronary heart disease, after myocardial infarction, with arrhythmia and with heart failure. A detailed cardiological evaluation of the athlete with heart disease is the basis for detailed and individually tailored recommendations with respect to the type of sport, mode, duration and intensity of physical exercise, physical training and the capability for competitive sports. Evidence from the current literature and the experience of the sports cardiologist are the basis for shared decision making between the sports cardiologist and the athlete/patient, which is becoming increasingly more important. Together, they will decide which sport can be practiced defining intensity and duration.
欧洲心脏病学会（ESC）最近首次发布了运动心脏病学指南。这些指南针对患有心血管疾病的运动员在休闲运动和竞技体育方面给出了建议。范围涵盖孕期女性、心血管风险增加以及存在风险因素或有遗传易感性的运动员，如离子通道病、心肌病、先天性心脏病患者，以及患有心脏瓣膜病、冠心病、心肌梗死后、心律失常和心力衰竭的患者。对患有心脏病的运动员进行详细的心脏病学评估，是就运动类型、体育锻炼的方式、持续时间和强度、体能训练以及竞技体育能力给出详细且个性化建议的基础。当前文献的证据以及运动心脏病专家的经验是运动心脏病专家与运动员/患者共同决策的基础，这一点正变得越来越重要。他们将共同决定可以从事哪种运动，并确定运动强度和持续时间。
