Vesselinov Elena
City University of New York, Flushing, NY, USA.
Urban Aff Rev Thousand Oaks Calif. 2012 May;48(3):417-454. doi: 10.1177/1078087411429928. Epub 2012 Jan 10.
Gated communities have been thought to contribute to urban inequality, but empirical evidence is limited. This study utilizes the American Housing Survey for 2001 to examine the differential access of Latinos and Whites to gated communities in metropolitan United States. The results show that education is the most important sorting mechanism: as education increases, so does the probability to gate. On one hand, education trumps the effects of social class for owners, leading to segmentation within each class category, regardless of race/ethnicity; on the other hand, Latinos with higher education tend to select gated residences more often than comparable Whites.
封闭式社区被认为加剧了城市不平等现象，但实证证据有限。本研究利用2001年美国住房调查，考察拉丁裔和白人在大都市地区进入封闭式社区的差异。结果表明，教育是最重要的分类机制：随着教育程度的提高，进入封闭式社区的概率也会增加。一方面，对于业主来说，教育超越了社会阶层的影响，导致每个阶层内部出现分化，无论种族/民族如何；另一方面，受过高等教育的拉丁裔比同等条件的白人更倾向于选择居住在封闭式社区。
