World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for Infectious Disease Epidemiology and Control, School of Public Health, Li Ka Shing Faculty of Medicine, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, China; email:
Annu Rev Public Health. 2021 Apr 1;42:43-57. doi: 10.1146/annurev-publhealth-010720-021049. Epub 2021 Dec 21.
Influenza is a common respiratory infection that causes considerable morbidity and mortality worldwide each year. In recent years, along with the improvement in computational resources, there have been a number of important developments in the science of influenza surveillance and forecasting. Influenza surveillance systems have been improved by synthesizing multiple sources of information. Influenza forecasting has developed into an active field, with annual challenges in the United States that have stimulated improved methodologies. Work continues on the optimal approaches to assimilating surveillance data and information on relevant driving factors to improve estimates of the current situation (nowcasting) and to forecast future dynamics.
流感是一种常见的呼吸道感染，每年在全球范围内都会导致相当高的发病率和死亡率。近年来，随着计算资源的提高，流感监测和预测领域有了一些重要的发展。通过综合多种信息来源，流感监测系统得到了改进。流感预测已经发展成为一个活跃的领域，美国每年都会面临挑战，这刺激了改进方法的出现。目前，人们继续致力于寻找最佳方法来整合监测数据和相关驱动因素的信息，以改善对当前情况（实时预测）的估计，并预测未来的动态。
