Burrow Keegan, Young Wayne, McConnell Michelle, Carne Alan, Bekhit Alaa El-Din
Dept. of Food Science, Univ. of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, 9054, New Zealand.
AgResearch Ltd., Grasslands Research Centre, Private Bag 11008, Manawatu Mail Centre, Palmerston North, 4442, New Zealand.
Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf. 2018 Jul;17(4):989-1005. doi: 10.1111/1541-4337.12364. Epub 2018 Jun 6.
This review aims to examine the relationship between the consumption of dairy products, mineral absorption, and bone health, and critically evaluates the methods that have been used to investigate this relationship. As people live longer and have lives that are more active in modern societies, bone health is of concern due to the possibility for the increasing incidence of bone disorders, such as osteoporosis. It has been suggested that dairy products can play a key role in bone health due to their high levels of minerals. Whether the positive effect of dairy consumption on bone health is due solely to the concentration of minerals, the action of vitamins, proteins, and lipids present in dairy products, and complex interactions between different milk components remains to be determined. Assessment of how dairy products affect bone health is complex, with apparent contradictory conclusions being reported in the literature. To gain a better understanding of the effects that dairy products have on bone health, this review presents an evaluation of a combination of data obtained using a variety of methods. From those data, we surmise that the preferable approach to investigate the effects of milk on bone health is to obtain data from human, animal, and cell line testing. A combined approach will enable various aspects to be identified, including mechanisms and the assessment of holistic effects, which will enable the effects in the human situation to be ascertained.
本综述旨在探讨乳制品消费、矿物质吸收与骨骼健康之间的关系，并严格评估用于研究这种关系的方法。在现代社会，随着人们寿命延长且生活更加活跃，由于骨骼疾病（如骨质疏松症）发病率可能上升，骨骼健康备受关注。有人认为，乳制品因其富含矿物质，可在骨骼健康方面发挥关键作用。乳制品消费对骨骼健康的积极影响究竟是仅归因于矿物质的含量、乳制品中存在的维生素、蛋白质和脂质的作用，还是不同牛奶成分之间的复杂相互作用，仍有待确定。评估乳制品如何影响骨骼健康很复杂，文献中报道的结论明显相互矛盾。为了更好地理解乳制品对骨骼健康的影响，本综述对使用多种方法获得的数据组合进行了评估。从这些数据中，我们推测研究牛奶对骨骼健康影响的最佳方法是获取来自人体、动物和细胞系测试的数据。综合方法将能够确定各个方面，包括机制和整体效应评估，从而确定在人体情况下的影响。
