Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia.
Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes & Metabolism, The Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland, USA.
J Diabetes. 2021 Apr;13(4):339-352. doi: 10.1111/1753-0407.13149. Epub 2021 Jan 17.
To determine the prevalence and factors associated with depression and anxiety among people with and without diabetes during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak.
A cross-sectional questionnaire-based study collecting demographic and mental health data from 2166 participants living in the Arab Gulf region (568 with diabetes, 1598 without diabetes). Depression and anxiety were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire and the 7-item Generalized Anxiety Disorder scale, respectively.
The prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms were 61% and 45%, in people with diabetes (PWD) and 62% and 44%, respectively, in people without diabetes. PWD who have had their diabetes visit canceled by the clinic were more likely to report depression and anxiety symptoms than those without diabetes (odds ratio [95% confidence interval]: 1.37 [1.02, 1.84] and 1.37 [1.04, 1.80], for depression and anxiety; respectively). PWD who had no method of telecommunication with their health care providers (HCP) during the pandemic, PWD with A1C of ≥ 10%, women, employees (particularly HCPs), students, unmarried individuals, and those with lower income were more likely to report depression and/or anxiety symptoms (all P < 0.01). Fear of acquiring the coronavirus infection; running out of diabetes medications; or requiring hospitalization for hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, or diabetic ketoacidosis; and lack of telecommunication with HCPs were all associated with significantly higher odds of having depression and anxiety symptoms among PWD.
The remarkably high prevalence of depression and anxiety symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly among subgroups of PWD, calls for urgent public health policies to address mental health during the pandemic and reestablish health care access for PWD.
在 2019 年冠状病毒病（COVID-19）爆发期间，确定患有和不患有糖尿病的人群中抑郁和焦虑的患病率及其相关因素。
这是一项基于横断面问卷调查的研究，从居住在阿拉伯海湾地区的 2166 名参与者（568 名患有糖尿病，1598 名不患有糖尿病）中收集人口统计学和心理健康数据。使用 9 项患者健康问卷和 7 项广泛性焦虑症量表评估抑郁和焦虑症状。
患有糖尿病的人群（PWD）中出现抑郁和焦虑症状的比例分别为 61%和 45%，而不患有糖尿病的人群中出现抑郁和焦虑症状的比例分别为 62%和 44%。与不患有糖尿病的人群相比，糖尿病就诊被诊所取消的 PWD 更有可能报告出现抑郁和焦虑症状（比值比[95%置信区间]：1.37[1.02，1.84]和 1.37[1.04，1.80]，分别用于抑郁和焦虑）。在大流行期间没有与医疗保健提供者（HCP）进行任何电信联系的 PWD、糖化血红蛋白（A1C）≥10%的 PWD、女性、雇员（特别是 HCP）、学生、未婚个体以及收入较低的 PWD 更有可能报告出现抑郁和/或焦虑症状（所有 P<0.01）。对感染冠状病毒的恐惧；糖尿病药物用完；或需要因低血糖、高血糖或糖尿病酮症酸中毒住院；以及与 HCP 缺乏电信联系，这些都与 PWD 出现抑郁和焦虑症状的可能性显著增加有关。
在 COVID-19 大流行期间，抑郁和焦虑症状的患病率极高，尤其是在 PWD 的亚组中，这就需要紧急制定公共卫生政策，在大流行期间解决心理健康问题，并重新为 PWD 提供医疗保健服务。
