İpÇİ Melis, İncİ İzmİr Sevim Berrin, TÜrkÇapar Mehmet Hakan, Özdel Kadir, ArdiÇ Ülkü Akyol, Ercan Eyüp Sabri
Hasan Kalyoncu University, Institute of Social Sciences, Department of Clinical Psychology, Gaziantep, Turkey.
Ege University Substance Addiction Toxicology and Pharmaceutical Sciences Institute, İzmir, Turkey.
Noro Psikiyatr Ars. 2020 Sep 21;57(4):283-289. doi: 10.29399/npa.24807. eCollection 2020 Dec.
The prevalence rate of psychiatric comorbidity in children and adolescents with Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) was 60-80%. The objective of this study was to examine comorbid disorders associated with ADHD and the subtypes of ADHD in children and adolescents with the diagnosis of ADHD.
The study included 326 children and adolescents aged between 8-15 years who were diagnosed with ADHD for the first time as a result of an interview by psychiatry, in a child adolescent psychiatry clinic in İzmir. Sociodemographic form, Turgay DSM-IV Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale and Kiddie Schedule for Affective Disorders and Schizophrenia for School-Age Children Present and Lifetime version were used to assess psychiatric comorbidity.
The comorbidities accompanied ADHD were disruptive behavior disorder (28.8%), depressive disorder (13.2%), obsessive-compulsive disorder (9.5%) and anxiety disorder (6.1%). When the subtypes of ADHD were assessed according to psychiatric comorbidity, oppositional defiant disorder and conduct disorder were frequently seen with ADHD combined type, whereas anxiety disorder was more frequent with ADHD inattentive type.
Comorbidity in ADHD Combined type increases the severity of disease, delays treatment response and exacerbates prognosis. Therefore, it is very important to determine which psychiatric diagnosis accompany with ADHD.
注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）儿童及青少年中精神疾病共病的患病率为60%-80%。本研究的目的是调查确诊为ADHD的儿童及青少年中与ADHD相关的共病以及ADHD的亚型。
该研究纳入了326名8至15岁的儿童及青少年，他们在伊兹密尔的一家儿童青少年精神病诊所首次因接受精神病学访谈而被诊断为ADHD。使用社会人口学表格、图尔盖《精神疾病诊断与统计手册》第四版破坏性行为障碍评定量表以及适用于学龄儿童的情感障碍和精神分裂症儿童版现状及终生版来评估精神疾病共病情况。
与ADHD共病的疾病有破坏性行为障碍（28.8%）、抑郁症（13.2%）、强迫症（9.5%）和焦虑症（6.1%）。根据精神疾病共病情况评估ADHD的亚型时，对立违抗性障碍和品行障碍在ADHD混合型中较为常见，而焦虑症在ADHD注意力不集中型中更为常见。
ADHD混合型中的共病会增加疾病的严重程度，延迟治疗反应并使预后恶化。因此，确定哪些精神疾病诊断与ADHD共存非常重要。
