Martin Caroline, Sorel Anthony, Touzard Pierre, Bideau Benoit, Gaborit Ronan, DeGroot Hugo, Kulpa Richard
Univ Rennes, M2S - EA 7470, F-35000 Rennes, France.
Univ Rennes, Inria, M2S - EA 7470, F-35000 Rennes, France.
Orthop J Sports Med. 2020 Dec 11;8(12):2325967120966297. doi: 10.1177/2325967120966297. eCollection 2020 Dec.
The open stance forehand has been hypothesized by tennis experts (coaches, scientists, and clinicians) to be more traumatic than the neutral stance forehand as regards hip injuries in tennis. However, the influence of the forehand stance (open or neutral) on hip kinematics and loading has not been assessed.
To compare the kinematics and kinetics at the hip joint during 3 common forehand stances (attacking neutral stance [ANS], attacking open stance [AOS], defensive open stance [DOS]) in advanced tennis players to determine whether the open stance forehand induces higher hip loading.
Descriptive laboratory study.
The ANS, AOS, and DOS forehand strokes of 8 advanced right-handed tennis players were recorded with an optoelectronic motion capture system. The flexion-extension, abduction-adduction, and external-internal rotation angles as well as intersegmental forces and torques of the right hip were calculated using inverse dynamics.
The DOS demonstrated significantly higher values than both the ANS and AOS for anterior ( < .001), medial ( < .001), and distractive ( < .001) forces as well as extension ( .004), abduction ( < .001), and external rotation ( < .001) torques. The AOS showed higher distractive forces than the ANS ( .048). The DOS showed more extreme angles of hip flexion ( < .001), abduction ( < .001), and external rotation ( = .010).
The findings of this study imply that the DOS increased hip joint angles and loading, thus potentially increasing the risk of hip overuse injuries. The DOS-induced hip motion could put players at a higher risk of posterior-superior hip impingement compared with the ANS and AOS.
Coaches and clinicians with players who have experienced hip pain or sustained injuries should encourage them to use a more neutral stance and develop a more aggressive playing style to avoid the DOS, during which hip motion and loading are more extreme.
网球专家（教练、科学家和临床医生）推测，在网球运动中，开放式正手击球姿势相比中性正手击球姿势，导致髋部受伤的可能性更大。然而，正手击球姿势（开放式或中性）对髋部运动学和负荷的影响尚未得到评估。
比较高级网球运动员在三种常见正手击球姿势（攻击性中性姿势[ANS]、攻击性开放式姿势[AOS]、防御性开放式姿势[DOS]）下髋关节的运动学和动力学，以确定开放式正手击球姿势是否会导致更高的髋部负荷。
描述性实验室研究。
使用光电动作捕捉系统记录8名高级右撇子网球运动员的ANS、AOS和DOS正手击球动作。使用逆动力学计算右髋的屈伸、外展内收和内外旋转角度以及节段间力和扭矩。
DOS在前向力（<.001）、内侧力（<.001）和牵张力（<.001）以及伸展扭矩（.004）、外展扭矩（<.001）和外旋扭矩（<.001）方面的值显著高于ANS和AOS。AOS的牵张力高于ANS（.048）。DOS的髋部屈曲（<.001）、外展（<.001）和外旋（=.010）角度更为极端。
本研究结果表明，DOS增加了髋关节角度和负荷，从而可能增加髋部过度使用损伤的风险。与ANS和AOS相比，DOS引起的髋部运动可能使运动员发生后上髋撞击的风险更高。
对于有髋部疼痛或受伤经历的运动员，教练和临床医生应鼓励他们采用更中性的姿势，并培养更具攻击性的比赛风格，以避免采用DOS，因为在此姿势下髋部运动和负荷更为极端。
