Britt Thomas W, Shuffler Marissa L, Pegram Riley L, Xoxakos Phoebe, Rosopa Patrick J, Hirsh Emily, Jackson William
Clemson University USA.
University of South Carolina School of Medicine-Greenville USA.
Appl Psychol. 2021 Jan;70(1):120-149. doi: 10.1111/apps.12304. Epub 2021 Jan 12.
The present article examines how job demands and resources are related to indices of strain among healthcare professionals during virus pandemics. The article also presents the results of a study examining the relationships between COVID-19 demands (e.g., lack of personal protective equipment, concerns about infecting family members), resources (meaningful work, social support), and mental health strain within a sample of emergency medicine personnel over six consecutive weeks. COVID-19-related demands and hours worked were hypothesized to be positively related to mental health strain, whereas meaningful work and social support were hypothesized to be negatively related to mental health strain. Hours worked the prior week were hypothesized to exacerbate the positive relationships between COVID-19 demands and mental health strain, whereas the resources of meaningful work and social support were expected to buffer the relationships. Multilevel models controlling for mental health strain the prior week revealed that COVID-19 demands, along with hours worked, were each related to higher mental health strain during the week. Hours worked magnified the within-person relationship between personal COVID-19 demands and mental health strain. In contrast to the hypotheses, social support and meaningful work were not related to mental health strain. Discussion focuses on the implications of the findings for healthcare professionals.
本文探讨了在病毒大流行期间，工作需求和资源与医护人员的压力指标之间的关系。本文还展示了一项研究的结果，该研究考察了连续六周内，急诊医学人员样本中新冠疫情相关需求（如缺乏个人防护设备、担心感染家庭成员）、资源（有意义的工作、社会支持）与心理健康压力之间的关系。研究假设，与新冠疫情相关的需求和工作时长与心理健康压力呈正相关，而有意义的工作和社会支持与心理健康压力呈负相关。研究假设，前一周的工作时长会加剧新冠疫情相关需求与心理健康压力之间的正相关关系，而有意义的工作和社会支持资源则有望缓冲这种关系。控制了前一周心理健康压力的多层次模型显示，新冠疫情相关需求以及工作时长，各自都与当周较高的心理健康压力相关。工作时长放大了个人新冠疫情相关需求与心理健康压力之间的个体内部关系。与假设相反，社会支持和有意义的工作与心理健康压力无关。讨论聚焦于研究结果对医护人员的启示。
