Rahman Md Habibur, Suk Kyoungho
Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
BK21 Plus KNU Biomedical Convergence Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, South Korea.
Front Aging Neurosci. 2020 Dec 10;12:614410. doi: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.614410. eCollection 2020.
Mitochondria are essential cellular organelles that act as metabolic centers and signaling platforms and have been identified as an important subcellular target in a broad range of neuropathologies. Studies on the role of mitochondria in neurological disorders have primarily focused on neurons. However, dysfunctional mitochondria in glial cells, particularly astrocytes, have recently gained research attention due to their close involvement in neuroinflammation and metabolic and neurodegenerative disorders. Furthermore, alterations in mitochondrial energy metabolism in astrocytes have been reported to modulate cellular morphology and activity and induce the release of diverse proinflammatory mediators. Moreover, emerging evidence suggests that dysregulation of mitochondrial dynamics characterized by aberrant fission and fusion events in glial cells is closely associated with the inflammatory activation of glia. In this mini-review, we cover the recent advances in the molecular aspects of astrocytic mitochondrial dynamics and their metabolic changes under the pathological conditions of the central nervous system (CNS).
线粒体是重要的细胞器，作为代谢中心和信号平台，已被确定为多种神经病理学中重要的亚细胞靶点。关于线粒体在神经疾病中作用的研究主要集中在神经元上。然而，由于神经胶质细胞尤其是星形胶质细胞中的线粒体功能障碍与神经炎症、代谢和神经退行性疾病密切相关，最近受到了研究关注。此外，据报道星形胶质细胞中线粒体能量代谢的改变可调节细胞形态和活性，并诱导多种促炎介质的释放。此外，新出现的证据表明，以神经胶质细胞中异常的分裂和融合事件为特征的线粒体动力学失调与神经胶质细胞的炎症激活密切相关。在本综述中，我们阐述了中枢神经系统（CNS）病理条件下星形胶质细胞线粒体动力学及其代谢变化的分子方面的最新进展。
