Department of Molecular Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Department of Neurology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nürnberg, University Hospital Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Front Immunol. 2020 Dec 10;11:612104. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.612104. eCollection 2020.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by erosive polyarthritis. Beyond joint pathology, RA is associated with neuropsychiatric comorbidity including depression, anxiety, and an increased risk to develop neurodegenerative diseases in later life. Studies investigating the central nervous system (CNS) in preclinical models of RA have leveraged the understanding of the intimate crosstalk between peripheral and central immune responses. This mini review summarizes the current knowledge of CNS comorbidity in RA patients and known underlying cellular mechanisms. We focus on the differential regulation of CNS myeloid and glial cells in different mouse models of RA reflecting different patterns of peripheral immune activation. Moreover, we address CNS responses to anti-inflammatory treatment in human RA patients and mice. Finally, to illustrate the bidirectional communication between the CNS and chronic peripheral inflammation, we present the current knowledge about the impact of the CNS on arthritis. A comprehensive understanding of the crosstalk between the CNS and chronic peripheral inflammation will help to identify RA patients at risk of developing CNS comorbidity, setting the path for future therapeutic approaches in both RA and neuropsychiatric diseases.
类风湿性关节炎（RA）是一种以侵蚀性多关节炎为特征的慢性炎症性疾病。除了关节病理学外，RA 还与神经精神合并症相关，包括抑郁、焦虑和晚年患神经退行性疾病的风险增加。在 RA 的临床前模型中研究中枢神经系统（CNS）的研究利用了对周围和中枢免疫反应之间密切相互作用的理解。这篇迷你综述总结了 RA 患者中枢神经系统合并症的现有知识和已知的潜在细胞机制。我们专注于反映外周免疫激活不同模式的不同 RA 小鼠模型中 CNS 髓样细胞和神经胶质细胞的差异调节。此外，我们还探讨了针对人类 RA 患者和小鼠的 CNS 抗炎治疗反应。最后，为了说明 CNS 与慢性外周炎症之间的双向通讯，我们介绍了 CNS 对关节炎影响的现有知识。对 CNS 与慢性外周炎症之间相互作用的全面理解将有助于识别有发生 CNS 合并症风险的 RA 患者，为 RA 和神经精神疾病的未来治疗方法奠定基础。
