Gunshin Masataka, Doi Kent, Morimura Naoto
Department of Emergency Medicine Toranomon Hospital Tokyo Japan.
Department of Acute Medicine The University of Tokyo Hospital Tokyo Japan.
Acute Med Surg. 2020 Dec 20;7(1):e596. doi: 10.1002/ams2.596. eCollection 2020 Jan-Dec.
New innovative high-fidelity simulation (HFS) technologies, including augmented reality and virtual reality, have begun being used for disaster response and preparedness. However, few studies have assessed the merit of these technologies in disaster simulation. This integrative literature review of 21 studies assesses the role of HFS technology in disaster. Most studies used a quantitative methodology (71.4%), followed by mixed (19%) or qualitative methods (9.6%). Nearly 60% covered only disaster preparedness phase, whereas 10% addressed disasters in middle-income countries without including low-income nations. The four most frequently mentioned technologies were immersive virtual reality simulation, computerized virtual reality simulation, full-scale simulation, and augmented reality wearable smart glasses simulation. Nearly 50% of the studies used technology for purposes other than disaster simulation education, including telemedicine (14.3%), risk planning (14.3%), high-risk map generation for preparedness purposes (9.5%), or rehabilitation medicine (4.8%). HFS technologies must be further evaluated outside of high-income countries and in different disaster phases to better understand their full potential in disaster simulation. Future research should consider different health professions and more robust protocols to assist disaster response professionals and agencies in the adoption of HFS technologies.
包括增强现实和虚拟现实在内的新型创新高保真模拟（HFS）技术已开始用于灾难应对和准备工作。然而，很少有研究评估这些技术在灾难模拟中的价值。这项对21项研究的综合文献综述评估了HFS技术在灾难中的作用。大多数研究采用定量方法（71.4%），其次是混合方法（19%）或定性方法（9.6%）。近60%的研究仅涵盖灾难准备阶段，而10%的研究涉及中等收入国家的灾难，但未包括低收入国家。最常被提及的四项技术是沉浸式虚拟现实模拟、计算机化虚拟现实模拟、全尺寸模拟和增强现实可穿戴智能眼镜模拟。近50%的研究将技术用于灾难模拟教育以外的目的，包括远程医疗（14.3%）、风险规划（14.3%）、用于准备目的的高风险地图生成（9.5%）或康复医学（4.8%）。必须在高收入国家以外以及不同的灾难阶段对HFS技术进行进一步评估，以便更好地了解其在灾难模拟中的全部潜力。未来的研究应考虑不同的卫生专业和更完善的方案，以协助灾难应对专业人员和机构采用HFS技术。
