Peng Wenchuan, Yang Hui, Cai Keqi, Zhou Lu, Tan Zhen, Wu Kebang
Laboratory of Tropical Animal Breeding, Reproduction and Nutrition, College of Animal Science and Technology, Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, China.
Mitochondrial DNA B Resour. 2019 Jul 13;4(2):2459-2463. doi: 10.1080/23802359.2019.1638321.
Mitochondrial cytochrome C oxidase subunit I (COI) has been used as a DNA barcode to identify population genetic diversity and distinguish animal species as it is variable enough to distinguish between species, yet suitably conserved. A new native chicken breed, named Danzhou chicken was discovered in Hainan, China in 2014, although identification is difficult by morphological examination alone. The mitochondrial COI genes of six chicken breeds, including four local and two imported breeds (Danzhou, Wenchang, Bawang, Beijing-You, Hy-Line Brown, and Ross) were compared and assessed in terms of their efficacy for DNA barcoding. The results showed that the number of COI gene variants in Danzhou chickens was less than those of other breeds, except Bawang and the genetic structure was relatively stable. The Kimura 2-parameter genetic distance between Danzhou chickens and the five other breeds was from ∼0.001 to 0.734. The genetic distance of the six breeds was ∼0.001-0.339, with that of Danzhou being the highest (0.339). Danzhou chickens clustered with Bawang and Wenchang chickens in the phylogenetic tree due to geographic closeness. Danzhou chickens could be identified more accurately using COI barcoding. Multiple molecular markers combined with morphological differences were more persuasive for identifying species.
线粒体细胞色素C氧化酶亚基I（COI）已被用作DNA条形码，以识别种群遗传多样性并区分动物物种，因为它具有足够的变异性来区分物种，但又具有适当的保守性。2014年在中国海南发现了一个新的本地鸡品种，名为儋州鸡，尽管仅通过形态学检查很难进行识别。比较并评估了六个鸡品种（包括四个本地品种和两个引进品种，即儋州鸡、文昌鸡、霸王鸡、北京油鸡、海兰褐鸡和罗斯鸡）的线粒体COI基因在DNA条形码方面的有效性。结果表明，除霸王鸡外，儋州鸡的COI基因变异数量少于其他品种，且其遗传结构相对稳定。儋州鸡与其他五个品种之间的Kimura双参数遗传距离在0.001至0.734之间。六个品种的遗传距离在0.001至0.339之间，其中儋州鸡的遗传距离最高（0.339）。由于地理位置相近，儋州鸡在系统发育树中与霸王鸡和文昌鸡聚类。使用COI条形码可以更准确地识别儋州鸡。多个分子标记与形态差异相结合对于物种识别更具说服力。
