Wang Yuping, Desroches Griffen J, Macfarlane Robert J
Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 77 Massachusetts Avenue, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Nanoscale. 2021 Jan 21;13(2):426-443. doi: 10.1039/d0nr07547g.
Polymer nanocomposites containing nanoscale fillers are an important class of materials due to their ability to access a wide variety of properties as a function of their composition. In order to take full advantage of these properties, it is critical to control the distribution of nanofillers within the parent polymer matrix, as this structural organization affects how the two constituent components interact with one another. In particular, new methods for generating ordered arrays of nanofillers represent a key underexplored research area, as emergent properties arising from nanoscale ordering can be used to introduce novel functionality currently inaccessible in random composites. The knowledge gained from developing such methods will provide important insight into the thermodynamics and kinetics associated with nanomaterial and polymer assembly. These insights will not only benefit researchers working on new composite materials, but will also deepen our understanding of soft matter systems in general. In this review, we summarize contemporary research efforts in manipulating nanofiller organization in polymer nanocomposites and highlight future challenges and opportunities for constructing ordered nanocomposite materials.
含有纳米级填料的聚合物纳米复合材料是一类重要的材料，因为它们能够根据其组成获得各种各样的性能。为了充分利用这些性能，控制纳米填料在母体聚合物基质中的分布至关重要，因为这种结构组织会影响两种组成成分之间的相互作用方式。特别是，生成纳米填料有序阵列的新方法代表了一个关键的未充分探索的研究领域，因为纳米级有序排列产生的新兴性能可用于引入目前随机复合材料中无法获得的新功能。从开发此类方法中获得的知识将为与纳米材料和聚合物组装相关的热力学和动力学提供重要的见解。这些见解不仅将使从事新型复合材料研究的人员受益，还将加深我们对一般软物质系统的理解。在这篇综述中，我们总结了当代在聚合物纳米复合材料中操纵纳米填料组织的研究工作，并强调了构建有序纳米复合材料的未来挑战和机遇。
