Block G, Cox C, Madans J, Schreiber G B, Licitra L, Melia N
Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892-4200.
Am J Epidemiol. 1988 Feb;127(2):297-309. doi: 10.1093/oxfordjournals.aje.a114805.
Detailed data on vitamin supplement use are presented for nine specific vitamins and minerals by a wide range of demographic and behavioral characteristics. Previously recorded but uncoded data from the first National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (1971-1974) have been coded and analyzed, providing the only detailed vitamin use data in a representative sample large enough to examine joint distributions and multivariate analyses of numerous characteristics. Significantly fewer black persons than white persons consume vitamins regularly, and the difference is especially pronounced for specific vitamins: fourfold for vitamin E, sixfold for vitamin A, and 10-fold for vitamin C. Significant differences were also seen for age, sex, geographic region, education, poverty, type of alcoholic beverage consumed, and Quetelet index. Data are presented indicating that supplement use has not increased notably between the time of the survey and 1983, and thus the supplement use data are considered to be reasonably representative of current patterns of supplementation practice in the United States.
针对九种特定的维生素和矿物质，按广泛的人口统计学和行为特征呈现了维生素补充剂使用的详细数据。首次全国健康与营养检查调查（1971 - 1974年）中先前记录但未编码的数据已进行编码和分析，提供了唯一一份足够大的代表性样本中的详细维生素使用数据，足以检验众多特征的联合分布和多变量分析。经常服用维生素的黑人明显少于白人，而且这种差异在特定维生素方面尤为明显：维生素E为四倍，维生素A为六倍，维生素C为十倍。在年龄、性别、地理区域、教育程度、贫困状况、饮用酒精饮料类型和克托莱指数方面也存在显著差异。所呈现的数据表明，在调查之时至1983年期间，补充剂的使用并未显著增加，因此这些补充剂使用数据被认为合理地代表了美国目前的补充剂使用模式。
