Department of Dermatology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Department of Immunobiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
Yale J Biol Med. 2020 Dec 29;93(5):733-747. eCollection 2020 Dec.
Food allergy is a modern disease. Its exponential increase in prevalence in the last 70 years cannot be explained by genetic factors alone. In this review we discuss the hypotheses that have been suggested previously, and the evidence that supports them, to explain this rise in prevalence as well as the medical treatments that have developed as a result of basic exploration within these paradigms. We argue that one major area of fruitful exploration that would help generate new ideas may be systematic analyses of the unknown factors of the modern environment that may contribute to the formation of food allergy. Through this lens, we review the current understanding of food allergy pathogenesis and propose novel research directions, with implications for the current strategies for managing food allergy.
食物过敏是一种现代疾病。在过去的 70 年中，其患病率呈指数级增长，不能仅用遗传因素来解释。在本次综述中，我们讨论了之前提出的假设以及支持这些假设的证据，以解释这种患病率的上升，以及在此类范式的基础探索下发展起来的医学治疗方法。我们认为，有助于产生新想法的一个有前景的探索领域可能是对现代环境中未知因素的系统分析，这些因素可能促成食物过敏的形成。通过这一视角，我们回顾了食物过敏发病机制的现有认识，并提出了新的研究方向，对当前管理食物过敏的策略具有启示意义。
