Division of Pediatric Allergy and Clinical Immunology, Department of Pediatrics, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2012 Aug;12(4):346-72. doi: 10.1007/s11882-012-0274-3.
This review summarizes studies discussing temporal trends in the prevalence of food allergy as well as potential factors associated with the development of food allergy. In addition, we will address the potential hypotheses accounting for the apparent increase in food allergy prevalence. Studies suggest increased prevalence of food allergy. However, relatively little is known about its pathogenesis. This review aims to assess temporal trends in the prevalence of food allergy and discuss potential genetic, environmental, and demographic determinants. The search strategy examined the medical literature database MEDLINE (using PubMed) for the time period of January 1, 2002 to January 31, 2012. In recent decades, the prevalence of food allergy in general has increased by 0.60 % [95 % confidence interval (CI), 0.59 %-0.61 %] and the prevalence of peanut allergy by 0.027 % (95 % CI, 0.026 %-0.028 %), but it has now likely stabilized in developed countries. Genes, the environment, and demographic characteristics play a role in the pathogenesis of food allergy. Numerous environmental and demographic factors as well as gene-environment interactions may account for this increase in prevalence, but further studies are required to tease out their relative contribution.
这篇综述总结了讨论食物过敏患病率的时间趋势以及与食物过敏发展相关的潜在因素的研究。此外，我们还将探讨导致食物过敏患病率明显增加的潜在假说。研究表明食物过敏的患病率有所增加。然而，对于其发病机制的了解相对较少。本综述旨在评估食物过敏患病率的时间趋势，并讨论潜在的遗传、环境和人口统计学决定因素。检索策略检查了 2002 年 1 月 1 日至 2012 年 1 月 31 日期间的医学文献数据库 MEDLINE（使用 PubMed）。近几十年来，一般食物过敏的患病率增加了 0.60%（95%置信区间，0.59%-0.61%），花生过敏的患病率增加了 0.027%（95%置信区间，0.026%-0.028%），但目前在发达国家可能已经稳定下来。基因、环境和人口统计学特征在食物过敏的发病机制中起作用。许多环境和人口统计学因素以及基因-环境相互作用可能导致这种患病率的增加，但需要进一步的研究来梳理它们的相对贡献。
