Hougen H P, Kelstrup J, Petersen H D, Rasmussen O V
University Institute of Forensic Medicine, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Forensic Sci Int. 1988 Jan;36(1-2):153-60. doi: 10.1016/0379-0738(88)90229-0.
Twenty-eight Turkish refugees living in Denmark were examined by the authors in the period 1984-85. Fourteen of the persons alleged having been tortured in Turkey during the period 1980-83. The remaining 14 persons reported that they had not been tortured and thus acted as controls. All the testimonies were found valid according to a method previously used by us. The most common forms of violence reported were blows and electrical torture. Blindfolding, solitary confinement and threats were also frequent. At the time of examination the main mental complaints were sleep disturbances with nightmares and impaired memory. Emotional lability and concentration disturbances were also frequent. Physically the torture victims suffered from headache, various cardio-pulmonary and muscular pains, dyspepsia and reading disturbances. All reported that they had been healthy before torture. The clinical examination revealed only a few signs related to torture, although examples of minimal scars, fractured or missing teeth, discrete neurological disorders and mental depression were found. The 14 controls had significantly fewer complaints, and almost no abnormalities were found during the clinical examination. The present study clearly demonstrates the traumatic effects of torture.
1984年至1985年期间，作者对居住在丹麦的28名土耳其难民进行了检查。其中14人声称在1980年至1983年期间在土耳其遭受过酷刑。其余14人报告称他们没有遭受过酷刑，因此作为对照组。根据我们之前使用的一种方法，所有证词均被认定有效。报告的最常见暴力形式是殴打和电刑。蒙眼、单独监禁和威胁也很常见。在检查时，主要的精神主诉是伴有噩梦的睡眠障碍和记忆力受损。情绪不稳定和注意力不集中也很常见。身体上，酷刑受害者患有头痛、各种心肺和肌肉疼痛、消化不良以及阅读障碍。所有人都报告说在遭受酷刑之前他们是健康的。临床检查仅发现了一些与酷刑有关的体征，不过发现了一些轻微疤痕、牙齿折断或缺失、轻微神经障碍和精神抑郁的例子。14名对照组的主诉明显较少，临床检查几乎未发现异常。本研究清楚地证明了酷刑的创伤性影响。
