Department of Environmental Studies, Institute of Graduate Studies and Research, Alexandria University , 163 Horreya Avenue, P.O. Box 832, Alexandria, 21526, Egypt.
Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Apr;28(14):17445-17456. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-12126-8. Epub 2021 Jan 4.
Hexavalent chromium (Cr VI) is widely known as a potential hepatotoxic in humans and animals and its toxicity is associated with oxidative stress. So, an in vivo study was outlined to assess the protective and therapeutic role of Rosmarinus officinalis essential oil (rosemary; REO) against Cr VI-induced hepatotoxicity. Male Wistar rats were assigned into five equal groups (1 group served as control; 2 and 3 groups received 0.5 ml/kg BW REO and 2 mg/kg BW Cr VI respectively; 4 group pretreated with REO then injected with KCrO; and 5 group received Cr VI then treated with REO for 3 weeks). Results revealed that rats exposed to Cr VI showed a valuable changes in hematological parameters and an increase in oxidative stress markers (Protein carbonyl, TBARS, and HO) and a noteworthy decline in glutathione (GSH) content. Furthermore, a considerable decrease in enzymatic antioxidants (SOD, CAT, GPx, and GST), transaminases (AST and ALT), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activities, as well as total protein and albumin levels, was detected, while serum liver function biomarkers were increased significantly. In addition, the evaluation of histopathological and immunohistochemical PCNA expression showed significant variations in the liver that confirm the biochemical results. Administration of REO pre- or post-chromium treatment restored the parameters cited above near to the normal values. Otherwise, individual intake with REO slumped lipid peroxidation and gotten better antioxidant status significantly. Conclusively, REO proved to be an effective antioxidant in modulating Cr VI-induced hepatotoxicity, especially in the pretreated rats.
六价铬（Cr VI）被广泛认为是人类和动物的潜在肝毒性物质，其毒性与氧化应激有关。因此，进行了一项体内研究，以评估迷迭香精油（迷迭香；REO）对 Cr VI 诱导的肝毒性的保护和治疗作用。雄性 Wistar 大鼠被分为五组（1 组作为对照组；2 组和 3 组分别给予 0.5 ml/kg BW REO 和 2 mg/kg BW Cr VI；4 组用 REO 预处理，然后注射 KCrO；5 组给予 Cr VI，然后用 REO 治疗 3 周）。结果表明，暴露于 Cr VI 的大鼠表现出血液学参数的显著变化，氧化应激标志物（蛋白羰基、TBARS 和 HO）增加，谷胱甘肽（GSH）含量显著下降。此外，还检测到酶抗氧化剂（SOD、CAT、GPx 和 GST）、转氨酶（AST 和 ALT）和碱性磷酸酶（ALP）活性以及总蛋白和白蛋白水平显著降低，而血清肝功能生物标志物显著增加。此外，对组织病理学和免疫组织化学 PCNA 表达的评估显示，肝脏有明显的变化，证实了生化结果。在铬处理前或后给予 REO 可使上述参数恢复到接近正常值。此外，单独摄入 REO 可显著减少脂质过氧化并改善抗氧化状态。总之，REO 被证明是一种有效的抗氧化剂，可调节 Cr VI 诱导的肝毒性，尤其是在预处理大鼠中。
