Ray Bimalendu, Schütz Martin, Mukherjee Shuvam, Jana Subrata, Ray Sayani, Marschall Manfred
Department of Chemistry, The University of Burdwan, Burdwan, West Bengal 713104, India.
Institute for Clinical and Molecular Virology, Friedrich-Alexander University (FAU) of Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
Polymers (Basel). 2020 Dec 30;13(1):136. doi: 10.3390/polym13010136.
Naturally occurring polysaccharide sulfates are highly diverse, owning variations in the backbone structure, linkage pattern and stereochemistry, branching diversity, sulfate content and positions of sulfate group(s). These structural characteristics bring about diverse sulfated polymers with dissimilar negative charge densities and structure-activity relationships. Herein, we start with a short discussion of techniques needed for extraction, purification, chemical sulfation, and structural characterization of polysaccharides. Processes of isolation and sulfation of plant-derived polysaccharides are challenging and usually involve two steps. In this context, we describe an integrated extraction-sulfation procedure that produces polysaccharide sulfates from natural products in one step, thereby generating additional pharmacological activities. Finally, we provide examples of the spectrum of natural source-derived polysaccharides possessing specific features of bioactivity, in particular focusing on current aspects of antiviral drug development and drug-target interaction. Thus, the review presents a detailed view on chemically engineered polysaccharides, especially sulfated derivatives, and underlines their promising biomedical perspectives.
天然存在的多糖硫酸盐高度多样，其主链结构、连接方式、立体化学、分支多样性、硫酸盐含量以及硫酸基团的位置均存在差异。这些结构特征产生了具有不同负电荷密度和构效关系的多种硫酸化聚合物。在此，我们首先简要讨论多糖提取、纯化、化学硫酸化及结构表征所需的技术。植物源多糖的分离和硫酸化过程具有挑战性，通常涉及两个步骤。在此背景下，我们描述了一种一步法从天然产物中制备多糖硫酸盐的综合提取 - 硫酸化程序，从而产生额外的药理活性。最后，我们提供了具有特定生物活性特征的天然来源多糖谱的实例，特别关注抗病毒药物开发和药物 - 靶点相互作用的当前方面。因此，本综述详细介绍了化学工程多糖，尤其是硫酸化衍生物，并强调了它们有前景的生物医学前景。
