The Research Unit for General Practice and Section of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Departmant of Psychology, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
BMC Psychol. 2021 Jan 4;9(1):2. doi: 10.1186/s40359-020-00499-x.
Development of the maternal antenatal attachment (MAA) constitutes an important aspect of the transition into motherhood. Early identification of women at risk of developing a poor MAA provides possibilities for preventive interventions targeting maternal mental health and the emerging mother-infant relationship. In this study, we investigate the relative importance of an extensive set of psychosocial, pregnancy-related, and physiological factors measured in the first trimester of pregnancy for MAA measured in third trimester.
A prospective study was conducted among pregnant women in Danish general practice (GP). Data were obtained in the first and the third trimester from pregnancy health records and electronic questionnaires associated with routine GP antenatal care visits. The Maternal Antenatal Attachment Scale (MAAS) was used to assess maternal antenatal attachment. The relative importance of potential determinants of maternal antenatal attachment was assessed by the relative contribution of each factor to the fit (R) calculated from multivariable regression models.
The sample consisted of 1328 women. Low antenatal attachment (Total MAAS ≤ 75) was observed for 513 (38.6%) women. Perceived social support (having someone to talk to and having access to practical help when needed) emerged as the most important determinant. Furthermore, scores on the MAAS decreased with worse self-rated health, poor physical fitness, depression, increasing age, having given birth previously, and higher education.
Pregnant women reporting lack of social support and general low physical and mental well-being early in pregnancy may be at risk for developing a poor MAA. An approach targeting both psychosocial and physiological well-being may positively influence expectant mothers' successful adaptation to motherhood.
孕产妇产前依恋（MAA）的发展是过渡到母亲身份的一个重要方面。早期识别出可能发展出不良 MAA 的妇女，为针对孕产妇心理健康和母婴关系的预防性干预提供了可能性。在这项研究中，我们调查了在妊娠早期测量的广泛的心理社会、妊娠相关和生理因素对妊娠晚期 MAA 的相对重要性。
对丹麦普通实践中的孕妇进行了一项前瞻性研究。数据来自妊娠健康记录和与常规 GP 产前保健就诊相关的电子问卷，在妊娠第一和第三阶段获得。使用孕产妇产前依恋量表（MAAS）评估孕产妇产前依恋。通过多变量回归模型计算每个因素对拟合度（R）的相对贡献，评估孕产妇产前依恋的潜在决定因素的相对重要性。
样本包括 1328 名妇女。513 名（38.6%）妇女表现出低产前依恋（总 MAAS≤75）。感知到的社会支持（有人可以交谈，需要时可以获得实际帮助）是最重要的决定因素。此外，MAAS 评分随着自我报告健康状况恶化、身体状况不佳、抑郁、年龄增长、以前分娩和教育程度提高而降低。
在妊娠早期报告缺乏社会支持和一般身体和心理健康状况不佳的孕妇可能有发展出不良 MAA 的风险。针对心理社会和生理健康的方法可能会积极影响孕妇成功适应母亲身份。
