Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 Mar 1;16(3):387-394. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0144. Epub 2021 Jan 5.
To examine the effects of acute caffeine supplementation on physical performance during fitness testing and activity during simulated games in basketball players.
A double-blind, counterbalanced, randomized, crossover study design was followed. A total of 14 professional male basketball players ingested a placebo (sucrose) and caffeine (6 mg·kg-1 of body mass) in liquid form prior to completing 2 separate testing sessions. Each testing session involved completion of a standardized 15-minute warm-up followed by various fitness tests including 20-m sprints, countermovement jumps, Lane Agility Drill trials, and a repeated-sprint-ability test. Following a 20-minute recovery, players completed 3 × 7-minute 5-vs-5 simulated periods of full-court basketball games, each separated by 2 minutes of recovery. Local positioning system technology was used to measure player activity during games. Players completed a side-effects questionnaire 12 to 14 hours after testing.
Players experienced significant (P < .05), moderate-very large (effect size = -2.19 to 0.89) improvements in 20-m sprint, countermovement jump, Lane Agility Drill, and repeated-sprint-ability performance with caffeine supplementation. However, external workloads completed during simulated games demonstrated nonsignificant, trivial-small (effect size = -0.23 to 0.12) changes between conditions. In addition, players reported greater (P < .05) insomnia and urine output after caffeine ingestion.
Acute caffeine supplementation could be effective to improve physical performance during tests stressing fitness elements important in basketball. However, acute caffeine supplementation appears to exert no meaningful effects on the activity completed during simulated basketball games and may promote sleep disturbances and exert a diuretic effect when taken at 6 mg·kg-1 of body mass in professional players.
研究急性咖啡因补充对健身测试期间身体表现和篮球运动员模拟比赛活动期间身体表现的影响。
采用双盲、对照、随机、交叉设计研究。14 名专业男性篮球运动员分别以液体形式摄入安慰剂（蔗糖）和咖啡因（6mg·kg-1的体重），然后完成 2 次单独的测试。每次测试包括完成 15 分钟的标准热身，然后进行各种体能测试，包括 20 米冲刺、反向跳跃、车道敏捷钻测试和重复冲刺能力测试。恢复 20 分钟后，球员完成 3 次×7 分钟的 5 对 5 全场篮球模拟比赛，每次比赛之间休息 2 分钟。使用定位系统技术测量比赛期间球员的活动情况。球员在测试后 12 至 14 小时完成副作用问卷。
运动员在服用咖啡因后，20 米冲刺、反向跳跃、车道敏捷钻和重复冲刺能力测试的表现均有显著（P<0.05）、中度至非常大（效应量=-2.19 至 0.89）的改善。然而，模拟比赛中完成的外部工作量在条件之间没有显示出显著的、微小的（效应量=-0.23 至 0.12）变化。此外，运动员报告说，服用咖啡因后失眠和尿量增加（P<0.05）。
急性咖啡因补充可能有效提高篮球运动中重要健身元素测试的身体表现。然而，急性咖啡因补充似乎对模拟篮球比赛中完成的活动没有明显影响，并且在专业运动员中以 6mg·kg-1的体重摄入时可能会引起睡眠障碍并产生利尿作用。
