咖啡因摄入可提高健身测试中的表现，但不会改变专业篮球运动员模拟比赛中的活动。

Caffeine Ingestion Improves Performance During Fitness Tests but Does Not Alter Activity During Simulated Games in Professional Basketball Players.

出版信息

Int J Sports Physiol Perform. 2021 Mar 1;16(3):387-394. doi: 10.1123/ijspp.2020-0144. Epub 2021 Jan 5.

DOI:10.1123/ijspp.2020-0144

Abstract

PURPOSE

To examine the effects of acute caffeine supplementation on physical performance during fitness testing and activity during simulated games in basketball players.

METHODS

A double-blind, counterbalanced, randomized, crossover study design was followed. A total of 14 professional male basketball players ingested a placebo (sucrose) and caffeine (6 mg·kg-1 of body mass) in liquid form prior to completing 2 separate testing sessions. Each testing session involved completion of a standardized 15-minute warm-up followed by various fitness tests including 20-m sprints, countermovement jumps, Lane Agility Drill trials, and a repeated-sprint-ability test. Following a 20-minute recovery, players completed 3 × 7-minute 5-vs-5 simulated periods of full-court basketball games, each separated by 2 minutes of recovery. Local positioning system technology was used to measure player activity during games. Players completed a side-effects questionnaire 12 to 14 hours after testing.

RESULTS

Players experienced significant (P < .05), moderate-very large (effect size = -2.19 to 0.89) improvements in 20-m sprint, countermovement jump, Lane Agility Drill, and repeated-sprint-ability performance with caffeine supplementation. However, external workloads completed during simulated games demonstrated nonsignificant, trivial-small (effect size = -0.23 to 0.12) changes between conditions. In addition, players reported greater (P < .05) insomnia and urine output after caffeine ingestion.

CONCLUSIONS

Acute caffeine supplementation could be effective to improve physical performance during tests stressing fitness elements important in basketball. However, acute caffeine supplementation appears to exert no meaningful effects on the activity completed during simulated basketball games and may promote sleep disturbances and exert a diuretic effect when taken at 6 mg·kg-1 of body mass in professional players.

摘要

目的

研究急性咖啡因补充对健身测试期间身体表现和篮球运动员模拟比赛活动期间身体表现的影响。

方法

采用双盲、对照、随机、交叉设计研究。14 名专业男性篮球运动员分别以液体形式摄入安慰剂（蔗糖）和咖啡因（6mg·kg-1的体重），然后完成 2 次单独的测试。每次测试包括完成 15 分钟的标准热身，然后进行各种体能测试，包括 20 米冲刺、反向跳跃、车道敏捷钻测试和重复冲刺能力测试。恢复 20 分钟后，球员完成 3 次×7 分钟的 5 对 5 全场篮球模拟比赛，每次比赛之间休息 2 分钟。使用定位系统技术测量比赛期间球员的活动情况。球员在测试后 12 至 14 小时完成副作用问卷。

结果

运动员在服用咖啡因后，20 米冲刺、反向跳跃、车道敏捷钻和重复冲刺能力测试的表现均有显著（P<0.05）、中度至非常大（效应量=-2.19 至 0.89）的改善。然而，模拟比赛中完成的外部工作量在条件之间没有显示出显著的、微小的（效应量=-0.23 至 0.12）变化。此外，运动员报告说，服用咖啡因后失眠和尿量增加（P<0.05）。