Santos João Miguel, Coelho Carolina M, Sequeira Diana B, Marques Joana A, Pereira Joana F, Sousa Vitor, Palma Paulo J, Santos Ana C
Institute of Endodontics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
Center for Innovation and Research in Oral Sciences (CIROS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Coimbra, 3000-075 Coimbra, Portugal.
Biomedicines. 2021 Jan 1;9(1):24. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines9010024.
Calcium silicate-based sealers were recently introduced as a new class of endodontic sealers, with potential further benefits due to their bioactivity. The aim of this study was to evaluate the biocompatibility of two new hydraulic calcium silicate-based sealers, TotalFill BC Sealer (FKG, La Chaux-des-Fonds, Switzerland) and TotalFill BC Sealer HiFlow (FKG, La Chaux-des-Fonds, Switzerland) through subcutaneous implantation in connective tissue of rats. Subcutaneous implantation was performed in 16 young Wistar rats. Four polyethylene tubes were implanted in each animal, one empty to serve as a control, and three filled with tested sealers: AH Plus as reference (Dentsply DeTrey, Konstanz, Germany), TotalFill BC Sealer (BC) and TotalFill BC Sealer HiFlow (HiFlow). Eight rats were euthanized at 8 days and the remaining eight at 30 days. Hematoxylin-eosin staining was used to score the inflammatory reaction, macrophage infiltrate and to measure the thickness of the fibrous capsule. von Kossa staining was performed to evaluate the mineralization level. Kruskal-Wallis test followed by Dunn's test was used to analyze non-parametric data. To analyze the influence of the implantation time within each material, a Mann-Whitney U test was performed. At eight days post-implantation, AH Plus induced a more intense inflammatory reaction when compared both with the control ( ≤ 0.001) and BC ( ≤ 0.01). HiFlow presented a higher score of macrophage infiltrate than control ( ≤ 0.01) and BC ( ≤ 0.05). The fibrous capsule thickness in this period was significantly higher for the BC group when compared to control ( ≤ 0.01) and AH Plus ( ≤ 0.05). The mineralization potential was higher for the HiFlow group when compared with the control ( ≤ 0.001) and AH Plus ( ≤ 0.001). At 30 days post-implantation, the score for the inflammatory reaction remained higher for the AH Plus group when compared both to control ( ≤ 0.01) and BC ( ≤ 0.001). The macrophage infiltrate of the HiFlow was significantly higher than control ( ≤ 0.001) and AH Plus groups ( ≤ 0.01), additionally, the fibrous capsule of the BC ( ≤ 0.001) and HiFlow ( ≤ 0.01) groups were both thicker than control. Mineralization potential was observed only on BC ( ≤ 0.05) and HiFlow groups ( ≤ 0.001), when compared to control). BC exhibited the best biocompatibility performance of all tested sealers and HiFlow provided the greatest induction of mineralized tissues. Both TotalFill BC Sealer and TotalFill BC Sealer HiFlow are biocompatible and show potential bioactivity when implanted in the subcutaneous tissue. Bioactivity was not found in AH Plus.
硅酸钙基封闭剂作为一类新型的根管封闭剂最近被引入，由于其生物活性可能具有更多益处。本研究的目的是通过在大鼠结缔组织中进行皮下植入，评估两种新型水硬性硅酸钙基封闭剂TotalFill BC封闭剂（FKG，瑞士拉绍德封）和TotalFill BC HiFlow封闭剂（FKG，瑞士拉绍德封）的生物相容性。对16只年轻的Wistar大鼠进行皮下植入。每只动物植入4根聚乙烯管，一根为空管作为对照，另外三根填充测试封闭剂：AH Plus作为参照（德国登士柏德瑞，康斯坦茨）、TotalFill BC封闭剂（BC）和TotalFill BC HiFlow封闭剂（HiFlow）。8只大鼠在8天时安乐死，其余8只在30天时安乐死。采用苏木精-伊红染色对炎症反应、巨噬细胞浸润进行评分，并测量纤维囊的厚度。进行冯·科萨染色以评估矿化水平。采用Kruskal-Wallis检验和Dunn检验分析非参数数据。为分析每种材料内植入时间的影响，进行了Mann-Whitney U检验。植入后8天，与对照（P≤0.001）和BC（P≤0.01）相比，AH Plus引发的炎症反应更强烈。HiFlow的巨噬细胞浸润评分高于对照（P≤0.01）和BC（P≤0.05）。与对照（P≤0.01）和AH Plus（P≤0.05）相比，此期间BC组的纤维囊厚度显著更高。与对照（P≤0.001）和AH Plus（P≤0.001）相比，HiFlow组的矿化潜力更高。植入后30天，与对照（P≤0.01）和BC（P≤0.001）相比，AH Plus组的炎症反应评分仍然更高。HiFlow的巨噬细胞浸润显著高于对照（P≤0.001）和AH Plus组（P≤0.01），此外，BC组（P≤0.001）和HiFlow组（P≤0.01）的纤维囊均比对照厚。与对照相比，仅在BC组（P≤0.05）和HiFlow组（P≤0.001）观察到矿化潜力。BC在所有测试封闭剂中表现出最佳的生物相容性，HiFlow对矿化组织的诱导作用最大。TotalFill BC封闭剂和TotalFill BC HiFlow封闭剂在皮下组织植入时均具有生物相容性并显示出潜在的生物活性。在AH Plus中未发现生物活性。
