Kiuchi Yuto, Makizako Hyuma, Nakai Yuki, Tomioka Kazutoshi, Taniguchi Yoshiaki, Kimura Mika, Kanouchi Hiroaki, Takenaka Toshihiro, Kubozono Takuro, Ohishi Mitsuru
Department of Health Science, Graduate School of Health Sciences Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
Department of Physical Therapy, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima 890-8544, Japan.
Healthcare (Basel). 2021 Jan 1;9(1):32. doi: 10.3390/healthcare9010032.
The aim of this cross-sectional study was to examine the association between diet variety and physical frailty in community-dwelling older adults. Data of 577 older adults (mean age: 74.0 ± 6.3 years, women: 62.5%) were analyzed. Diet variety was assessed using the Food Frequency Score (FFS) (maximum, 30 points). The FFS assessed the one-week consumption frequency of ten foods (meat, fish/shellfish, eggs, milk & dairy products, soybean products, green & yellow vegetables, potatoes, fruits, seafood, and fats & oil). Physical frailty was assessed using Fried's component (slowness, weakness, exhaustion, low physical activity, and weight loss). The participants were classified into frail, pre-frail, and non-frail groups. The prevalence of physical frailty was 6.6%. This study found significant associations between physical frailty and low FFS after adjusting for covariates (odds ratio (OR) 0.90, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84-0.97, < 0.01). The optimal cutoff point of the FFS for physical frailty was ≤16 points. FFS lower than the cutoff point were significantly associated with physical frailty after adjusting for covariates (OR 3.46, 95% CI 1.60-7.50, < 0.01). Diet variety assessed using the FFS cutoff value of ≤16 points was related to the physical frailty status in community-dwelling older adults.
这项横断面研究的目的是检验社区居住的老年人饮食多样性与身体虚弱之间的关联。分析了577名老年人的数据（平均年龄：74.0±6.3岁，女性：62.5%）。使用食物频率评分（FFS）评估饮食多样性（满分30分）。FFS评估了十种食物（肉类、鱼/贝类、蛋类、牛奶及奶制品、豆制品、绿色和黄色蔬菜、土豆、水果、海鲜以及油脂）的一周食用频率。使用弗里德氏标准（行动迟缓、虚弱、疲惫、身体活动量低和体重减轻）评估身体虚弱状况。参与者被分为虚弱组、衰弱前期组和非虚弱组。身体虚弱的患病率为6.6%。本研究发现，在调整协变量后，身体虚弱与低FFS之间存在显著关联（优势比（OR）为0.90，95%置信区间（CI）为0.84 - 0.97，<0.01）。身体虚弱的FFS最佳截断点为≤16分。在调整协变量后，低于截断点的FFS与身体虚弱显著相关（OR为3.46，95%CI为1.60 - 7.50，<0.01）。使用≤16分的FFS截断值评估的饮食多样性与社区居住老年人的身体虚弱状况相关。
