Bisen Omeshwari Yadorao, Nandan Ravi, Nanda Karuna Kar
Material Research Centre, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012, India.
ACS Omega. 2020 Dec 14;5(51):32852-32860. doi: 10.1021/acsomega.0c04432. eCollection 2020 Dec 29.
Nonmetallic and metallic heteroatom doped carbonaceous materials have garnered tremendous research attention due to a potential replacement to the precious Pt-group and (Ru, Ir)-oxide based catalysts and are essential part of the next-generation electrode catalysts for fuel cells, electrolyzers, and metal-air batteries. In this regard, we focus on three important categories of carbonaceous material, namely, metal-free heteroatom doped, transition metal heteroatom codoped, and carbon nitride (CN) based hybrid materials. Implications of various strategies, using one-step pyrolysis technique have been discussed for the effective design of heteroatom modified carbonaceous electrocatalysts. In this minireview, we outline the richness of one-step strategy for designing electrochemically active heteroatom doped carbon, transition metal-heteroatom codoped carbon, and CN derived hybrid materials in the perspective of electrochemical energy conversion and storage devices. We also outline the future research direction in the development of highly efficient and sustainable electrocatalysts for oxygen electrochemistry. Finally, we wind up the article with the challenges and outlook on heteroatoms and transition metal-heteroatom codoped carbon material as an efficient and low-cost electrocatalysts, thereby promoting the development of this important area.
非金属和金属杂原子掺杂的碳质材料因其有望替代基于贵金属铂族和（钌、铱）氧化物的催化剂而受到了极大的研究关注，并且是用于燃料电池、电解槽和金属空气电池的下一代电极催化剂的重要组成部分。在这方面，我们关注三类重要的碳质材料，即无金属杂原子掺杂的、过渡金属杂原子共掺杂的以及基于氮化碳（CN）的杂化材料。已讨论了采用一步热解技术的各种策略对于有效设计杂原子改性碳质电催化剂的意义。在本综述中，我们从电化学能量转换和存储装置的角度概述了用于设计具有电化学活性的杂原子掺杂碳、过渡金属 - 杂原子共掺杂碳以及CN衍生杂化材料的一步法策略的丰富性。我们还概述了用于氧电化学的高效且可持续的电催化剂开发的未来研究方向。最后，我们以杂原子和过渡金属 - 杂原子共掺杂碳材料作为高效低成本电催化剂所面临的挑战和前景来结束本文，从而推动这一重要领域的发展。
