Gautam Kompal, Ali A Rizwan, Agrawal Divya, Choudhary Aparna, Shekhawat Arpana, Jain Rashi L
Department of Dentistry, Siyaram Hospital, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
Department of Periodontology and Oral Implantology, RUHS College of Dental Sciences, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India.
J Family Med Prim Care. 2020 Oct 30;9(10):5303-5308. doi: 10.4103/jfmpc.jfmpc_854_20. eCollection 2020 Oct.
Visually impaired patients are at a higher risk of developing periodontal disease because of greater difficulty in attaining good oral hygiene. This study aims to assess and compare the oral hygiene status of visually impaired students before and after oral health education interventions using special customized methods.
The present study was a randomized control trial of 180 visually impaired students divided into three groups. Each group includes 60 students selected randomly from blind school. Oral health education was given using Braille in Group 1, Audio Tactile performance (ATP) technique in Group 2, and a combination of Braille and ATP technique in Group 3. Plaque index (PI) scores and gingival index (GI) scores were calculated and evaluated at baseline and after 3 months. Intergroup comparison and intragroup comparison of PI and GI at baseline and 3 months was by using one way ANOVA and Paired t test, respectively.
There was a highly significant difference seen for the intergroup comparison of post PI ( < 0.01) and post GI ( < 0.01) with least mean in Group 3. There was a statistically highly significant difference seen for the intra group comparison of pre and post PI and GI ( < 0.01) with lesser means in post as compared to pre in all three groups.
Visually impaired children could maintain an acceptable level of oral hygiene when taught using combination of Braille and ATP technique.
视力受损患者由于在保持良好口腔卫生方面存在更大困难，患牙周疾病的风险更高。本研究旨在评估和比较采用特殊定制方法进行口腔健康教育干预前后视力受损学生的口腔卫生状况。
本研究是一项随机对照试验，将180名视力受损学生分为三组。每组包括从盲人学校随机选取的60名学生。第1组使用盲文进行口腔健康教育，第2组使用听觉触觉表现（ATP）技术，第3组使用盲文和ATP技术相结合的方法。在基线和3个月后计算并评估菌斑指数（PI）得分和牙龈指数（GI）得分。PI和GI在基线和3个月时的组间比较和组内比较分别采用单因素方差分析和配对t检验。
组间比较中，第3组的PI和GI平均值最低，PI（P<0.01）和GI（P<0.01）差异极显著。在所有三组中，PI和GI的组内比较显示，与干预前相比，干预后PI和GI的平均值更低，差异具有统计学高度显著性（P<0.01）。
当采用盲文和ATP技术相结合的方法进行教学时，视力受损儿童能够保持可接受的口腔卫生水平。
