The University of Lahore, Sargodha, Pakistan.
COMSATS University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 May;28(17):21381-21395. doi: 10.1007/s11356-020-12088-x. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
We examine the relative performance of the industry, services, and agriculture sectors in energy conservation and reduction in CO emissions in Pakistan using the "spatial-temporal decomposition" method by taken data from 2006 to 2016. An efficient way to achieve low-carbon economy targets is to decompose different factors contributing to CO emissions, including structure effect, intensity effect, GDP gap effect, energy use efficiency effect, and economic efficiency. We classify economic sectors into three groups based on performance, i.e., sectors performing below, average, and above-average performing. Our results indicate that the economic efficiency and energy use efficiency effects in the industry sector have remained above average. In contrast, the GDP gap effect has remained below average. In the case of structure effect and intensity effect, the agriculture sector has performed on average. In contrast, the service sector has shown mixed results in all factors. The government should pay special attention to energy use structure and innovation to improve desirable output technical efficiency to achieve the target carbon emission level.
我们使用“时空分解”方法，利用 2006 年至 2016 年的数据，考察了巴基斯坦工业、服务业和农业部门在节能和减少二氧化碳排放方面的相对表现。实现低碳经济目标的有效途径是分解导致二氧化碳排放的不同因素，包括结构效应、强度效应、GDP 差距效应、能源利用效率效应和经济效率效应。我们根据表现将经济部门分为三组，即表现低于平均水平、平均水平和高于平均水平的部门。我们的结果表明，工业部门的经济效率和能源利用效率效应一直保持在平均水平以上。相比之下，GDP 差距效应一直低于平均水平。在结构效应和强度效应方面，农业部门表现平均。相比之下，服务业在所有因素方面都呈现出混合的结果。政府应特别关注能源利用结构和创新，以提高期望产出技术效率，实现目标碳排放水平。
