Demartini Benedetta, Nisticò Veronica, D'Agostino Armando, Priori Alberto, Gambini Orsola
Dipartimento di Scienze della Salute, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, Italy.
Unità di Psichiatria II, Presidio San Paolo, ASST Santi Paolo e Carlo, Milano, Italy.
Front Psychiatry. 2020 Dec 22;11:561345. doi: 10.3389/fpsyt.2020.561345. eCollection 2020.
Since February 2020, the outbreak of COVID-19 spread to several countries worldwide, including Italy. In this study, we aimed to assess the psychopathological impact of the pandemic across the general population of Lombardy, the most affected Italian region, and to compare the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms between the general public and healthcare workers. Four hundred and thirty-two participants completed an online survey including: the Depression, Anxiety and Stress Scale-21 items (DASS-21), the Impact of Event Scale-Revised (IES-R) and the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PQSI). Healthcare workers were also asked to complete the Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). At the DASS-21, 33.3% of the responders presented pathological levels of stress, 25.5% of anxiety, and 35.9% of depression. At the IES-R, 13.9% appeared at risk of developing Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD). At the PSQI, 57.6% presented sleep disturbances. Female gender and younger age predicted higher scores of distress. Healthcare workers presented higher levels of psychiatric symptoms than the general public. Moreover, working in contact with COVID-19 patients predicted higher scores at the IES-R subscale Intrusion. Our results showed that about a third of our sample presented symptoms of stress, anxiety, and depression during the first month of the COVID-19 pandemic outbreak in Lombardy; more than half of the responders presented sleep disturbances, and 13% appeared at risk of PTSD. Italian authorities should develop specific strategies to guarantee psychological support to the population of Lombardy, with particular attention to women, young people, and healthcare workers exposed to COVID-19 patients.
自2020年2月以来，新型冠状病毒肺炎（COVID-19）疫情蔓延至包括意大利在内的全球多个国家。在本研究中，我们旨在评估这场大流行对意大利受灾最严重的地区伦巴第大区普通人群的心理病理学影响，并比较普通公众和医护人员精神症状的患病率。432名参与者完成了一项在线调查，调查内容包括：抑郁、焦虑和压力量表-21项（DASS-21）、事件影响量表修订版（IES-R）和匹兹堡睡眠质量指数（PSQI）。医护人员还被要求完成马氏倦怠量表（MBI）。在DASS-21量表中，33.3%的受访者表现出病理性压力水平，25.5%表现出焦虑，35.9%表现出抑郁。在IES-R量表中，13.9%的人有患创伤后应激障碍（PTSD）的风险。在PSQI量表中，57.6%的人存在睡眠障碍。女性和较年轻的年龄预示着更高的痛苦得分。医护人员的精神症状水平高于普通公众。此外，与COVID-19患者接触工作预示着在IES-R量表的侵入子量表上得分更高。我们的结果表明，在伦巴第大区COVID-19大流行爆发的第一个月，约三分之一的样本出现了压力、焦虑和抑郁症状；超过一半的受访者存在睡眠障碍，13%的人有患PTSD的风险。意大利当局应制定具体策略，确保为伦巴第大区的民众提供心理支持，尤其要关注女性、年轻人以及接触COVID-19患者的医护人员。
