Havsteen-Franklin Dominik, Tjasink Megan, Kottler Jacqueline Winter, Grant Claire, Kumari Veena
CNWL NHS Foundation Trust, London, United Kingdom.
Brunel University London, Uxbridge, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2020 Dec 22;11:589744. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.589744. eCollection 2020.
Crisis events, such as the COVID-19 pandemic, can have a devastating effect on communities and the care professionals within them. Over recent years, arts-based interventions have helped in a wide range of crisis situations, being recommended to support the workforce during and after complex crisis but there has been no systematic review of the role of arts-based crisis interventions and whether there are cogent themes regarding practice elements and outcomes. We, therefore, conducted a systematic review to (i) define the arts-based change process used during and after crisis events, and (ii) explore the perceptions of intermediate and long-term mental health benefits of arts-based interventions for professionals in caring roles. Our search yielded six studies (all qualitative). All data were thematically aggregated and meta-synthesized, revealing seven practice elements (a safe place, focusing on strengths and protective factors, developing psychosocial competencies to support peers, emotional expression and processing, identifying and naming the impact of the crisis, using an integrative creative approach, and cultural and organizational sensitivity) applied across all six studies, as well as a range of intermediate and long-term benefits shared common features (adapting, growing, and recovering; using the community as a healing resource; reducing or preventing symptoms of stress or trauma reactions, psychophysiological homeostasis). The ways in which these studies were designed independently from one another and yet used the same practice elements in their crisis interventions indicates that there is comparability about how and why the arts-based practice elements are being used and to what effect. Our findings provide a sound basis and meaningful parameters for future research incorporating quantitative and qualitative approaches to firmly establish the effectiveness of art-based interventions, and how arts can support cultural sensitivity, acceptability and indicated outcomes, particularly those relating to stress and trauma during or following a crisis.
危机事件，如新冠疫情，会对社区及其内部的护理专业人员产生毁灭性影响。近年来，基于艺术的干预措施在广泛的危机情况下发挥了作用，被推荐用于在复杂危机期间及之后支持工作人员，但尚未对基于艺术的危机干预措施的作用以及在实践要素和成果方面是否存在有说服力的主题进行系统综述。因此，我们进行了一项系统综述，以（i）界定危机事件期间及之后所采用的基于艺术的变革过程，以及（ii）探讨基于艺术的干预措施对从事护理工作的专业人员的中长期心理健康益处的看法。我们的检索产生了六项研究（均为定性研究）。所有数据都进行了主题汇总和元综合分析，揭示了六项研究中都应用的七个实践要素（一个安全的场所、关注优势和保护因素、培养支持同伴的心理社会能力、情感表达与处理、识别并说出危机的影响、采用综合创造性方法，以及文化和组织敏感性），以及一系列中长期益处的共同特征（适应、成长和恢复；将社区用作一种治愈资源；减轻或预防压力或创伤反应症状、心理生理稳态）。这些研究彼此独立设计，但在危机干预中使用相同的实践要素，这表明在基于艺术的实践要素的使用方式、原因及效果方面具有可比性。我们的研究结果为未来的研究提供了坚实的基础和有意义的参数，这些研究将采用定量和定性方法来牢固确立基于艺术的干预措施的有效性，以及艺术如何支持文化敏感性、可接受性和预期成果，特别是那些与危机期间或之后的压力和创伤相关的成果。
