Laboratory of Oxidative Stress Research, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Ljubljana, Zdravstvena pot 5, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Pathophysiology, University of Ljubljana, Zaloska 4, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
Oxid Med Cell Longev. 2020 Dec 12;2020:8819627. doi: 10.1155/2020/8819627. eCollection 2020.
In this review, we describe the role of oxidized forms of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) as a molecule central to health benefits as the result from observing selected healthy lifestyle recommendations. Namely, NAD level can be regulated by lifestyle and nutrition approaches such as fasting, caloric restriction, sports activity, low glucose availability, and heat shocks. NAD is reduced with age at a cellular, tissue, and organismal level due to inflammation, defect in NAMPT-mediated NAD biosynthesis, and the PARP-mediated NAD depletion. This leads to a decrease in cellular energy production and DNA repair and modifies genomic signalling leading to an increased incidence of chronic diseases and ageing. By implementing healthy lifestyle approaches, endogenous intracellular NAD levels can be increased, which explains the molecular mechanisms underlying health benefits at the organismal level. Namely, adherence to here presented healthy lifestyle approaches is correlated with an extended life expectancy free of major chronic diseases.
在这篇综述中，我们描述了氧化型烟酰胺腺嘌呤二核苷酸（NAD）作为一种分子在健康益处中的作用，这些健康益处是通过观察选定的健康生活方式建议得出的。也就是说，NAD 水平可以通过生活方式和营养方法来调节，如禁食、热量限制、体育活动、葡萄糖供应不足和热休克。由于炎症、NAMPT 介导的 NAD 生物合成缺陷和 PARP 介导的 NAD 耗竭，NAD 在细胞、组织和机体水平上随年龄的增长而减少。这导致细胞能量产生和 DNA 修复减少，并改变了基因组信号，从而增加了慢性疾病和衰老的发生率。通过实施健康的生活方式方法，可以增加内源性细胞内 NAD 水平，这解释了在机体水平上健康益处的分子机制。也就是说，坚持这里提出的健康生活方式方法与延长无重大慢性疾病的预期寿命相关。
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