Jimah Bashiru Babatunde, Gorleku Philip, Baffour Appiah Anthony
Department of Medical Imaging, School of Medical Sciences, University of Cape Coast, Cape Coast, Ghana.
Ghana Field Epidemiology and Laboratory Training Programme, University of Ghana, Accra, Ghana.
Radiol Res Pract. 2020 Dec 14;2020:6697653. doi: 10.1155/2020/6697653. eCollection 2020.
Infertility affects from 1.3% to 25.7% of couples worldwide and, especially, from 14.5% to 16.4% in Africa. Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is a diagnostic modality that is considered both common and efficient. It is used to investigate abnormalities of the uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. This study assessed the spectrum of findings on HSG among women with infertility in the Central Region (Ghana).
We conducted a prospective cross-sectional study to examine 203 infertile women undergoing HSG work-up at the Cape Coast Teaching Hospital. The exclusion criteria were acute infection of the vagina or cervix and active vaginal bleeding or pregnancy. Data were entered with Microsoft Excel and analyzed using SPSS version 21.
A total of 203 women were enrolled, and eighty-five (41.87%) of the women had at least one or more abnormalities. The mean age was 32.9 years with majority of the women within 30-39 years (61.08%). More than half (50.74%) of the women presented with secondary infertility, while age of women (=0.004) and duration of infertility (0.034) were found to be in association with the type of infertility. Uterine findings were predominantly capacious uterine cavity (45.1%) and uterine fibroids (33.3%), while fallopian tube findings included bilateral blockage (24.2%), right unilateral proximal blockage (17.7%), loculated spillage (16.1%), and left unilateral proximal blockage (16.1%). The range of normal uterine cavity size, measured as ratio () of intercornual diameter to interiliac diameter was 0.2-0.45, with a mean of 0.36.
Secondary infertility was the commonest indication for HSG in the study, and a significant proportion of infertile women had abnormalities. Abnormalities were higher in the fallopian tubes than the uterus, while capacious uterine cavity, uterine fibroid, and bilaterally blocked tubes were the top three abnormalities found.
不孕症影响着全球1.3%至25.7%的夫妇，在非洲，这一比例尤其为14.5%至16.4%。子宫输卵管造影术（HSG）是一种既常见又有效的诊断方法，用于检查子宫腔和输卵管的异常情况。本研究评估了加纳中部地区不孕症女性的HSG检查结果范围。
我们进行了一项前瞻性横断面研究，对在海岸角教学医院接受HSG检查的203名不孕女性进行了检查。排除标准为阴道或宫颈急性感染、活动性阴道出血或怀孕。数据使用Microsoft Excel录入，并使用SPSS 21版进行分析。
共纳入203名女性，其中85名（41.87%）女性至少有一项或多项异常。平均年龄为32.9岁，大多数女性年龄在30 - 39岁之间（61.08%）。超过一半（50.74%）的女性表现为继发性不孕，同时发现女性年龄（=0.004）和不孕持续时间（0.034）与不孕类型有关。子宫检查结果主要为子宫腔宽大（45.1%）和子宫肌瘤（33.3%），而输卵管检查结果包括双侧阻塞（24.2%）、右侧单侧近端阻塞（17.7%）、分叶状造影剂外溢（16.1%）和左侧单侧近端阻塞（16.1%）。以宫角间直径与髂间直径之比（）衡量的正常子宫腔大小范围为0.2 - 0.45，平均值为0.36。
继发性不孕是本研究中HSG检查最常见的指征，相当一部分不孕女性存在异常。输卵管异常高于子宫，子宫腔宽大、子宫肌瘤和双侧输卵管阻塞是发现的前三大异常情况。
