Laboratory of Gene Therapy, Department of Biochemistry, College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, No. 620, South Chang'an Road, Xi'an, 710062, China.
Inflammation. 2021 Jun;44(3):811-820. doi: 10.1007/s10753-020-01394-8. Epub 2021 Jan 7.
Inflammation is an immune response to exogenous or endogenous insults that helps to maintain the tissue homeostasis under stressful conditions. Depending on the differential types of insults, inflammation is classified into microbial, autoimmune, metabolic, allergic, and physical inflammation. With regard to its involvement in the pathogenesis of most of human diseases, dissecting the key molecules in the regulation of inflammatory process is vital for the prevention and therapeutics of human diseases. Tripartite motif (TRIM) proteins are a versatile family of E3 ligases, which are composed of > 80 distinct members in humans recognized for their roles in antiviral responses. Recently, a large number of studies have shown the regulatory roles of TRIM proteins in mediating the inflammation. Herein in this review, we discuss the aberrations of TRIM proteins in autoimmune and autoinflammatory diseases, with a focus on the regulation of different components of inflammatory process, including inflammasome, NF-κB signaling, type I IFN (interferon) production, and Th1/Th17 cell differentiation. Importantly, elucidation of the mechanism underlying the regulation of inflammation by TRIMs provides insights into the use of TRIMs as therapeutic targets for disease treatment.
炎症是一种针对外源性或内源性刺激的免疫反应，有助于在应激条件下维持组织的内稳态。根据不同类型的刺激，炎症可分为微生物、自身免疫、代谢、过敏和物理性炎症。鉴于其参与大多数人类疾病的发病机制，剖析炎症过程调节中的关键分子对于人类疾病的预防和治疗至关重要。三基序（TRIM）蛋白是一类多功能的 E3 连接酶家族，由人类中 > 80 个不同的成员组成，因其在抗病毒反应中的作用而被广泛认可。最近，大量研究表明 TRIM 蛋白在调节炎症中具有调节作用。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了 TRIM 蛋白在自身免疫和自身炎症性疾病中的异常，重点讨论了炎症过程的不同成分的调节，包括炎性小体、NF-κB 信号通路、I 型干扰素（IFN）的产生以及 Th1/Th17 细胞分化。重要的是，阐明 TRIM 调节炎症的机制为将 TRIM 作为疾病治疗的治疗靶点提供了思路。
