Center of Super-Diamond and Advanced Films (COSDAF), Department of Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, 83 Tat Chee Avenue, 999077 Kowloon, Hong Kong.
Department of Chemistry, School of Science, University of Management and Technology, Lahore 54770, Pakistan.
Int J Mol Sci. 2021 Jan 6;22(2):502. doi: 10.3390/ijms22020502.
This study deals with the green synthesis of chromium oxide (CrO) nanoparticles using a leaf extract of (L.) Sweet as a reducing and capping agent. Different characterization techniques were used to characterize the synthesized nanoparticles such as X-ray diffraction (XRD), Scanning electron microscope (SEM), Transmission electron microscope (TEM), Energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and ultraviolet-visible (UV-VIS) spectroscopy. The X-ray diffraction technique confirmed the purity and crystallinity of the CrO nanoparticles. The average size of the nanoparticles ranged from 17 to 42 nm. The antibacterial activity of the green synthesized nanoparticles was evaluated against four different bacterial strains, , , , and using agar well diffusion and a live/dead staining assay. The anticancer activities were determined against Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7) cancer cells using MTT and a live/dead staining assay. Antioxidant activity was investigated in the linoleic acid system. Moreover, the cytobiocompatibility was analyzed against the Vero cell lines using MTT and a live/dead staining assay. The results demonstrated that the green synthesized CrO nanoparticles exhibited superior antibacterial activity in terms of zones of inhibition (ZOIs) against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria compared to plant extracts and chemically synthesized CrO nanoparticles (commercial), but comparable to the standard drug (Leflox). The green synthesized CrO nanoparticles exhibited significant anticancer and antioxidant activities against MCF-7 cancerous cells and the linoleic acid system, respectively, compared to chemically synthesized CrO nanoparticles. Moreover, cytobiocompatibility analysis displayed that they presented excellent biocompatibility with Vero cell lines than that of chemically synthesized CrO nanoparticles. These results suggest that the green synthesized CrO nanoparticles' enhanced biological activities might be attributed to a synergetic effect. Hence, green synthesized CrO nanoparticles could prove to be promising candidates for future biomedical applications.
本研究采用（L.）甜叶菊的叶提取物作为还原剂和封端剂，通过绿色合成法制备了氧化铬（CrO）纳米粒子。采用 X 射线衍射（XRD）、扫描电子显微镜（SEM）、透射电子显微镜（TEM）、能谱仪（EDX）、傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）、X 射线光电子能谱（XPS）和紫外-可见（UV-VIS）光谱等多种表征技术对合成的纳米粒子进行了表征。X 射线衍射技术证实了 CrO 纳米粒子的纯度和结晶度。纳米粒子的平均尺寸范围为 17 至 42nm。采用琼脂孔扩散法和死活染色法，评估了绿色合成的纳米粒子对四种不同细菌菌株、、、和的抗菌活性。采用 MTT 和死活染色法，评估了对密歇根癌症基金会-7（MCF-7）癌细胞的抗癌活性。在亚油酸体系中，研究了抗氧化活性。此外，采用 MTT 和死活染色法，对 Vero 细胞系进行了细胞毒性生物相容性分析。结果表明，与植物提取物和化学合成的 CrO 纳米粒子（商业）相比，绿色合成的 CrO 纳米粒子在抑制革兰氏阳性和革兰氏阴性细菌方面表现出优越的抗菌活性，具有更大的抑菌圈（ZOIs）。与化学合成的 CrO 纳米粒子相比，绿色合成的 CrO 纳米粒子对 MCF-7 癌细胞和亚油酸体系分别表现出显著的抗癌和抗氧化活性。此外，细胞毒性生物相容性分析表明，与化学合成的 CrO 纳米粒子相比，绿色合成的 CrO 纳米粒子对 Vero 细胞系具有更好的生物相容性。这些结果表明，绿色合成的 CrO 纳米粒子增强的生物学活性可能归因于协同效应。因此，绿色合成的 CrO 纳米粒子有望成为未来生物医学应用的有前途的候选材料。
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