Department of Plant Sciences, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Islamabad, Pakistan.
Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, SBA School of Science and Engineering, Lahore University of Management Sciences (LUMS), DHA, Lahore, Pakistan.
Microsc Res Tech. 2020 Jun;83(6):706-719. doi: 10.1002/jemt.23460. Epub 2020 Mar 14.
Green synthesis of nanoparticles using plants has become a promising substitute for the conventional chemical synthesis methods. In the present study, our aim was to synthesize chromium oxide nanoparticles (Cr O NPs) through a facile, low-cost, eco-friendly route using leaf extract of Rhamnus virgata (RV). The formation of Cr O NPs was confirmed and characterized by spectroscopic profile of UV-Vis, EDX, FTIR, and XRD analyses. The UV-visible spectroscopy has confirmed the formation of Cr O NPs by the change of color owing to surface plasmon resonance. The bioactive functional groups present in the leaf extract of RV involved in reduction and stabilization of Cr O NPs were determined by FTIR analysis. Based on XRD analysis, crystalline nature of Cr O NPs was determined. The morphological shape and elemental composition of Cr O NPs were investigated using SEM and EDX analyses, respectively. With growing applications of Cr O NPs in biological perspectives, Cr O NPs were evaluated for diverse biopotentials. Cr O NPs were further investigated for its cytotoxicity potentials against HepG2 and HUH-7 cancer cell lines (IC : 39.66 and 45.87 μg/ml), respectively. Cytotoxicity potential of Cr O NPs was confirmed against promastigotes (IC : 33.24 μg/ml) and amastigotes (IC : 44.31 μg/ml) using Leishmania tropica (KMH ). The Cr O NPs were further evaluated for antioxidants, biostatic, alpha-amylase, and protein kinase inhibition properties. Biocompatibility assay was investigated against human macrophages which confirmed the nontoxic nature of Cr O NPs. Overall, the synthesized Cr O NPs are biocompatible and nontoxic and proved to possess significant biopotentials. In future, different in vivo studies are needed to fully investigate the cytotoxicity and mechanism of action associated with these Cr O NPs.
采用植物的绿色合成方法已成为传统化学合成方法的有前途替代品。在本研究中，我们的目的是通过简便、低成本、环保的方法使用 Rhamnus virgata（RV）叶提取物合成氧化铬纳米粒子（Cr O NPs）。通过 UV-Vis、EDX、FTIR 和 XRD 分析的光谱特征证实并表征了 Cr O NPs 的形成。UV-可见光谱通过表面等离子体共振引起的颜色变化证实了 Cr O NPs 的形成。通过 FTIR 分析确定了 RV 叶提取物中存在的生物活性功能基团参与了 Cr O NPs 的还原和稳定。基于 XRD 分析，确定了 Cr O NPs 的结晶性质。使用 SEM 和 EDX 分析分别研究了 Cr O NPs 的形态形状和元素组成。随着 Cr O NPs 在生物方面的应用不断增加，对其进行了各种生物潜力评估。进一步研究了 Cr O NPs 对 HepG2 和 HUH-7 癌细胞系的细胞毒性潜力（IC ：分别为 39.66 和 45.87μg/ml）。通过 Leishmania tropica（KMH）对 Cr O NPs 的细胞毒性潜力进行了验证，针对前鞭毛体（IC ：33.24μg/ml）和无鞭毛体（IC ：44.31μg/ml）。进一步评估了 Cr O NPs 的抗氧化剂、生物抑制剂、α-淀粉酶和蛋白激酶抑制特性。对人巨噬细胞进行了生物相容性试验，证实了 Cr O NPs 的非毒性性质。总的来说，合成的 Cr O NPs 具有生物相容性和非毒性，并证明具有显著的生物潜力。在未来，需要进行不同的体内研究来充分研究这些 Cr O NPs 的细胞毒性和作用机制。
