Souesme Guillaume, Martinent Guillaume, Akour Donia, Giraudeau Caroline, Ferrand Claude
Laboratoire de Psychologie des Âges de la Vie et Adaptation (PAVéA-EA 2114), Université de Tours, Tours, France.
Laboratoire sur les Vulnérabilités et l'Innovation dans le Sport (L-Vis-EA 7428), Université Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France.
Front Psychol. 2020 Dec 9;11:575489. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2020.575489. eCollection 2020.
From a self-determination theory perspective, the purpose of this cross sectional study was to better understand how to motivate hospitalized older adults' behaviors and test an integrative model of the role of causality orientations and a supportive/controlled environment on basic need satisfaction, motivation for health oriented physical activity, positive and negative affective states, depressive symptoms, apathy, and boredom.
Older adults ( = 146; = 81.27 years, = 7.75, 74.7% female) in French hospital units completed self-report questionnaires and socio-demographic data were also collected.
Partial least squares path modeling results showed that participants' autonomy orientation positively associated with the perception of a supportive environment was related to need satisfaction, autonomous motivation for health-oriented physical activity, and high scores on positive affective states. Conversely, participants' impersonal orientation positively associated with the perception of a controlled environment was related to undermining need satisfaction, controlled motivation for health-oriented physical activity, and amotivation, and high scores on both negative affective states, and boredom.
The present results indicate that taking into account personality factors in hospital units can be useful and health professionals should take an interest both in the patients' causality orientations and the supportive nature of the environment in order to understand better how to motivate patients' behaviors. The present study points to the need to focus on all motivational dynamics which allow patients' need satisfaction.
从自我决定理论的角度来看，这项横断面研究的目的是更好地理解如何激发住院老年人的行为，并测试一个整合模型，该模型涉及因果取向以及支持性/控制性环境在基本需求满足、健康导向型体育活动动机、积极和消极情感状态、抑郁症状、冷漠和无聊等方面所起的作用。
法国医院病房中的老年人（n = 146；平均年龄 = 81.27岁，标准差 = 7.75，74.7%为女性）完成了自我报告问卷，并收集了社会人口统计学数据。
偏最小二乘路径建模结果显示，参与者的自主取向与对支持性环境的感知呈正相关，这与需求满足、健康导向型体育活动的自主动机以及积极情感状态的高分有关。相反，参与者的非个人取向与对控制性环境的感知呈正相关，这与破坏需求满足、健康导向型体育活动的受控动机和无动机有关，以及与消极情感状态和无聊感的高分有关。
目前的结果表明，在医院病房中考虑个性因素可能是有用的，健康专业人员应该关注患者的因果取向和环境的支持性质，以便更好地理解如何激发患者的行为。本研究指出需要关注所有能让患者需求得到满足的动机动态。
