Srivastava Sonal, Upadhyay Dilip J, Srivastava Ashish
Amity Institute of Virology and Immunology, Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.
Amity University Uttar Pradesh, Noida, India.
Front Mol Biosci. 2020 Dec 23;7:582499. doi: 10.3389/fmolb.2020.582499. eCollection 2020.
Virus disease spreads effortlessly mechanically or through minute insect vectors that are extremely challenging to avoid. Emergence and reemergence of new viruses such as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), H1N1 influenza virus, avian influenza virus, dengue virus, Citrus tristeza virus, and Tomato yellow leaf curl virus have paralyzed the economy of many countries. The cure for major viral diseases is not feasible; however, early detection and surveillance of the disease can obstruct their spread. Therefore, advances in the field of virus diagnosis and the development of new point-of-care testing kits become necessary globally. Clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein (Cas) is an emerging technology for gene editing and diagnostics development. Several rapid nucleic acid diagnostic kits have been developed and validated using Cas9, Cas12, and Cas13 proteins. This review summarizes the CRISPR/Cas-based next-generation molecular diagnostic techniques and portability of devices for field-based utilization.
病毒性疾病能通过机械方式轻松传播，或者借助极难防范的微小昆虫载体传播。新型病毒如严重急性呼吸综合征冠状病毒2（SARS-CoV-2）、H1N1流感病毒、禽流感病毒、登革热病毒、柑橘衰退病毒和番茄黄化曲叶病毒的出现和再次出现，使许多国家的经济陷入瘫痪。对于主要病毒性疾病，治愈方法并不可行；然而，疾病的早期检测和监测可以阻止其传播。因此，全球范围内，病毒诊断领域的进展以及新型即时检测试剂盒的开发变得十分必要。成簇规律间隔短回文重复序列（CRISPR）/CRISPR相关蛋白（Cas）是一种新兴的基因编辑和诊断开发技术。已经使用Cas9、Cas12和Cas13蛋白开发并验证了几种快速核酸诊断试剂盒。本综述总结了基于CRISPR/Cas的下一代分子诊断技术以及用于现场使用的设备的便携性。
