Sivananthan Arun, Glover Ben, Ayaru Lakshmana, Patel Kinesh, Darzi Ara, Patel Nisha
Imperial College NHS Healthcare Trust, London W2 1NY, UK.
Imperial College, London, UK.
Ther Adv Gastrointest Endosc. 2020 Dec 20;13:2631774520979591. doi: 10.1177/2631774520979591. eCollection 2020 Jan-Dec.
Lower gastrointestinal endoscopy has evolved over time, fulfilling a widening diagnostic and therapeutic remit. As our understanding of colorectal cancer and its prevention has improved, endoscopy has progressed with improved diagnostic technologies and advancing endoscopic therapies. Despite this, the fundamental design of the endoscope has remained similar since its inception. This review presents the important role lower gastrointestinal endoscopy serves in the prevention of colorectal cancer and the desirable characteristics of the endoscope that would enhance this. A brief history of the endoscope is presented. Current and future robotic endoscopic platforms, which may fulfil these desirable characteristics, are discussed. The incorporation of new technologies from allied scientific disciplines will help the endoscope fulfil its maximum potential in preventing the increasing global burden of colorectal cancer. There are a number of endoscopic platforms under development, which show significant promise.
随着时间的推移，下消化道内镜检查不断发展，其诊断和治疗范围日益扩大。随着我们对结直肠癌及其预防的认识不断提高，内镜检查也随着诊断技术的改进和内镜治疗的发展而进步。尽管如此，自内镜问世以来，其基本设计仍保持相似。本综述阐述了下消化道内镜检查在预防结直肠癌方面的重要作用，以及能增强这一作用的内镜理想特性。文中还介绍了内镜的简要历史。讨论了当前和未来可能具备这些理想特性的机器人内镜平台。融合相关学科的新技术将有助于内镜在预防全球日益加重的结直肠癌负担方面发挥最大潜力。目前有多个正在研发的内镜平台，前景十分广阔。
