Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agricultural Sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Faculty of Agricultural sciences, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan, Pakistan.
PLoS One. 2021 Jan 11;16(1):e0244931. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0244931. eCollection 2021.
Fungal pathogens exert severe qualitative and quantitative damages to wheat crop. Karnal bunt of wheat caused by Tilletia indica Mitra, Mundkur is a severe threat to global food security. Nonetheless, T. indica is regulated as a quarantine pest in numerous countries, which further aggravates the situation. Tolerant varieties and appropriate management practices for Karnal bunt are imperative to meet the global wheat demands. This two-year study explored the impact of fungicide [Fosetyl-Aluminium (Aliette)] application timing on allometric traits, disease suppression and economic returns of bread wheat. Four bread wheat cultivars differing in their tolerance to Karnal bunt were used in the study. Fungicide was applied as either seed treatment (ST), foliar application at heading (FAH) or ST + FAH, whereas no application (NA) was taken as control. Lasani-08 performed better than the rest of the cultivars in terms of allometric traits (plant height, leaf area, crop growth rate, photosynthesis, and chlorophyll content), yield and economic returns. Nonetheless, minimal disease severity was recorded for Lasani-08 compared to other cultivars during both years. The ST improved allometric traits of all cultivars; however, ST + FAH resulted in higher yield and economic returns. Cultivar Pasban-90 observed the highest disease severity and performed poor for allometric traits, yield and economic returns. It is concluded that ST + FAH of Fosetyl-Aluminium could be a pragmatic option to cope Karnal bunt of wheat. Nonetheless, Pasban-90 must not be used for cultivation to avoid yield and quality losses.
真菌病原体对小麦作物造成严重的定性和定量损害。由印度腥黑粉菌（Tilletia indica Mitra）引起的卡纳尔斑病是全球粮食安全的严重威胁。尽管如此，T. indica 在许多国家被视为检疫性害虫，这进一步加剧了这种情况。培育耐病品种和采取适当的管理措施来防治卡纳尔斑病对于满足全球小麦需求至关重要。这项为期两年的研究探讨了杀菌剂[福美双铝（Aliette）]施药时间对面包小麦的分形特征、病害抑制和经济回报的影响。研究中使用了四个对卡纳尔斑病具有不同耐病性的面包小麦品种。杀菌剂的施药方式有种子处理（ST）、抽穗期叶面喷施（FAH）或 ST + FAH，而不施药（NA）作为对照。Lasani-08 在分形特征（株高、叶面积、作物生长速率、光合作用和叶绿素含量）、产量和经济回报方面均优于其他品种。然而，与其他品种相比，Lasani-08 在两年的时间里记录到的病害严重程度最小。ST 提高了所有品种的分形特征；然而，ST + FAH 导致更高的产量和经济回报。Pasban-90 品种观察到最高的病害严重程度，分形特征、产量和经济回报表现不佳。研究结论认为，ST + FAH 的福美双铝可能是应对小麦卡纳尔斑病的一种实用选择。然而，为了避免产量和质量损失，Pasban-90 品种不应用于种植。
