Robb Kevin P, Shridhar Arthi, Flynn Lauren E
Biomedical Engineering Graduate Program, The University of Western Ontario, Claudette MacKay Lassonde Pavilion, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9.
Department of Chemical and Biochemical Engineering, The University of Western Ontario, Thompson Engineering Building, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5B9.
ACS Biomater Sci Eng. 2018 Nov 12;4(11):3627-3643. doi: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.7b00619. Epub 2017 Dec 5.
Decellularized scaffolds are promising clinically translational biomaterials that can be applied to direct cell responses and promote tissue regeneration. Bioscaffolds derived from the extracellular matrix (ECM) of decellularized tissues can naturally mimic the complex extracellular microenvironment through the retention of compositional, biomechanical, and structural properties specific to the native ECM. Increasingly, studies have investigated the use of ECM-derived scaffolds as instructive substrates to recapitulate properties of the stem cell niche and guide cell proliferation, paracrine factor production, and differentiation in a tissue-specific manner. Here, we review the application of decellularized tissue scaffolds as instructive matrices for stem or progenitor cells, with a focus on the mechanisms through which ECM-derived scaffolds can mediate cell behavior to promote tissue-specific regeneration. We conclude that although additional preclinical studies are required, ECM-derived scaffolds are a promising platform to guide cell behavior and may have widespread clinical applications in the field of regenerative medicine.
去细胞支架是很有前景的可临床转化生物材料，可用于引导细胞反应并促进组织再生。源自去细胞组织细胞外基质（ECM）的生物支架能够通过保留天然ECM特有的组成、生物力学和结构特性，自然地模拟复杂的细胞外微环境。越来越多的研究探讨了使用源自ECM的支架作为指导性底物，以重现干细胞生态位的特性，并以组织特异性方式引导细胞增殖、旁分泌因子产生和分化。在此，我们综述了去细胞组织支架作为干细胞或祖细胞指导性基质的应用，重点关注源自ECM的支架介导细胞行为以促进组织特异性再生的机制。我们得出结论，尽管还需要更多的临床前研究，但源自ECM的支架是引导细胞行为的一个有前景的平台，可能在再生医学领域有广泛的临床应用。
