College of Biological and Agricultural Engineering, Jilin University, Changchun, 130022, China.
Key Laboratory of Key Technology on Agricultural Machine and Equipment, Ministry of Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
Sci Rep. 2021 Jan 11;11(1):317. doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-79227-9.
Global climate change and socio-economic development have led to a shortage of water and labour resources, which has had a significant impact on rice cultivation. In this study, the application of micro-ridge-furrow planting technology and degradable film mulching in dry direct-seeded rice was investigated to address the factors restricting the development of the rice industry and reduce the impact of rice production on the environment. The effects of a micro-ridge-furrow planting pattern and degradable film mulching on soil temperature, seedling growth, and yield of dry direct-seeded rice in a semiarid region of China were studied through three field experiments: micro-ridge-furrow mulching with traditional plastic film (T1); micro-ridge-furrow mulching with degradable film (T2); and traditional flat-cropping mulching with traditional plastic film (CK). The experimental results demonstrated that the micro-ridge-furrow mulching film planting pattern promoted the germination of rice seeds and improved the soil temperature, plant height, leaf area, dry mass, and grain yield. T2 had the highest average soil temperature (14.68-17.83 ℃ during the day; 14.4-15.74 ℃ at night), leaf area (41.85 cm plant), root dry mass (45.32 mg plant), shoot dry mass (58.46 mg plant), root-shoot ratio (0.821), and yield (8.112 t ha). In summary, the micro-ridge-furrow mulching with degradable film (T2) is recommended as an efficient planting and mulching pattern for sustainably solving environmental problems and improving grain yield in semiarid regions of China.
全球气候变化和社会经济发展导致水资源和劳动力资源短缺，这对水稻种植产生了重大影响。本研究探讨了微垄沟种植技术和可降解地膜覆盖在旱直播水稻中的应用，以解决限制水稻产业发展的因素，减少水稻生产对环境的影响。通过 3 个田间试验，研究了微垄沟种植模式和可降解地膜覆盖对中国半干旱地区旱直播水稻土壤温度、幼苗生长和产量的影响：微垄沟覆盖传统塑料薄膜（T1）；微垄沟覆盖可降解薄膜（T2）；传统平作覆盖传统塑料薄膜（CK）。试验结果表明，微垄沟覆盖膜种植模式促进了水稻种子的萌发，提高了土壤温度、株高、叶面积、干物质和产量。T2 具有最高的平均土壤温度（白天 14.68-17.83℃；夜间 14.4-15.74℃）、叶面积（41.85 cm 株）、根干重（45.32 mg 株）、茎干重（58.46 mg 株）、根/茎比（0.821）和产量（8.112 t ha）。总之，微垄沟覆盖可降解膜（T2）是一种高效的种植和覆盖模式，可可持续解决半干旱地区的环境问题，提高粮食产量。
