1Instituto Conmemorativo Gorgas de Estudios de la Salud (ICGES), Panama, Panama.
2Facultad de Ciencias Naturales, Exactas y Tecnología, Universidad de Panamá, Panama, Panama.
Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2021 Jan 11;104(4):1326-1334. doi: 10.4269/ajtmh.20-1336.
Isolates from 475 cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) patients from three endemic regions were studied by three typing techniques. The molecular analysis from lesion scrapings based on hsp70 PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) showed that 78.1% (371/475) restriction patterns corresponded to Leishmania (Viannia) panamensis, 19% (90/475) to Leishmania (Viannia) guyanensis, and 3.0% (14/475) to Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis. Promastigotes isolated by culture from lesions of 228 patients (48.0%, 228/475) were identified by multi-locus enzyme electrophoresis. Of them, 95.2% (217/228) were typified as L. (V.) panamensis, 1.3% (3/228) as L. (V.) guyanensis, 2.2% (5/228) as L. (V.) braziliensis, and 1.3% (3/228) as hybrids (L. [V.] braziliensis/L. [V.] panamensis). However, a partial sequencing analysis of the hsp70 gene from 77 selected samples showed 16.9% (13/77) typified as L. (V.) panamensis, 68.8% (53/77) as Leishmania (V.) sp., 1, 3.9% (3/77) as L. (V.) guyanensis, 1.3% (1/77) as L. (V.) braziliensis outlier, 2.6% (2/77) as Leishmania (Viannia) naiffi, 2.6% as (2/77) Leishmania (V.) sp., and 2 and 3.9% (3/77) hybrid isolates of L. (V.) braziliensis/L. (V.) guyanensis. These results confirm L. (V.) panamensis as the predominant species and cause of CL lesions in Panama and that L. (V.) guyanensis, L. (V.) braziliensis, and L. (V.) naiffi are circulating to a lower degree. Furthermore, the determination of parasite isolates belonging to atypical clusters and hybrid isolates suggests the circulation of genetic variants with important implications for the epidemiology and clinical follow-up of CL in Panama. No evidence of the existence of parasites of the Leishmania (Leishmania) mexicana complex in Panamanian territory was found in this study.
从三个流行地区的 475 例皮肤利什曼病（CL）患者中分离出的菌株，用三种分型技术进行了研究。基于 hsp70 PCR-限制性片段长度多态性（RFLP）的病变刮取物的分子分析显示，78.1%（371/475）的限制图谱与利什曼（Viannia）panamensis 相对应，19%（90/475）与利什曼（Viannia）guyanensis 相对应，3.0%（14/475）与利什曼（Viannia）braziliensis 相对应。从 228 例患者的病变中通过培养分离出的前鞭毛体（228 例，48.0%，228/475）通过多酶电泳进行了鉴定。其中，95.2%（217/228）被定型为 L.（V.）panamensis，1.3%（3/228）为 L.（V.）guyanensis，2.2%（5/228）为 L.（V.）braziliensis，1.3%（3/228）为杂种（L.（V.）braziliensis/L.（V.）panamensis）。然而，对 77 个选定样本的 hsp70 基因的部分测序分析显示，16.9%（13/77）被定型为 L.（V.）panamensis，68.8%（53/77）为 Leishmania（V.）sp.，1.3%（3/77）为 L.（V.）guyanensis，1.3%（1/77）为 L.（V.）braziliensis outlier，2.6%（2/77）为 Leishmania（Viannia）naiffi，2.6%（2/77）为 Leishmania（V.）sp.，2 和 3.9%（3/77）为 L.（V.）braziliensis/L.（V.）guyanensis 杂种分离株。这些结果证实了 L.（V.）panamensis 是巴拿马 CL 病变的主要病原体，而 L.（V.）guyanensis、L.（V.）braziliensis 和 L.（V.）naiffi 的流行程度较低。此外，确定属于非典型群集和杂种分离株的寄生虫分离株表明，存在具有重要意义的遗传变异体的传播，这对巴拿马 CL 的流行病学和临床随访具有重要意义。在本研究中，未发现存在利什曼（Leishmania）mexicana 复合体的寄生虫。
